现代小切口囊外摘除术和超声乳化摘除术治疗白内障的效果以及对视神经纤维层和黄斑区厚度的影响  

Effectiveness of Modern Small Incision Extracapsular Cataract Extraction and Phacoemulsification in Treatment of Patients with Cataract and Effects on Thickness of Optic Nerve Fiber Layer and Macular Area

作　　者：高玉敬[1] 张爽[2] 洪云[1] 靳宏[1] 戚伟[2] 刘淑华[2] 郭伟娜[2] 孟详杰 宋亚玲 GAO Yu-jing;ZHANG Shuang;HONG Yun;JIN Hong;QI Wei;LIU Shu-hua;GUO Wei-na;MENG Xiang-jie;SONG Ya-Ling(Department of Internal Medicine,Langfang people's Hospital,Hebei Langfang 065000;Langfang City People's Hospital Ophthalmology,Hebei Langfang 065000;Department of Ophtalmology,Anguo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Anguo,Hebei 071200,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊市人民医院内科,河北廊坊065000 [2]廊坊市人民医院眼科,河北廊坊065000 [3]安国市中医医院眼科,河北安国071200

出　　处：《解放军医药杂志》2019年第9期78-81,共4页Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army

基　　金：河北省卫生厅重点课题计划项目(20171076);廊坊市科学技术和知识产权局计划项目(2013013122)

摘　　要：目的探讨现代小切口囊外摘除术和超声乳化摘除术治疗白内障的效果以及对视神经纤维层和黄斑区厚度的影响。方法选取2017年10月-2018年10月收治的白内障患者94例,根据治疗方案不同分为观察组和对照组,每组47例。观察组予以白内障现代小切口囊外摘除术,对照组予以超声乳化摘除术,对比2组的临床疗效、视神经纤维层和黄斑区厚度及并发症发生率。结果2组临床总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后不同时间视神经纤维层厚度与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组术后1 d的视神经纤维层厚度较术前明显变薄,且较观察组明显变薄(P<0.05)。术后1个月和2个月,2组黄斑区厚度均较术前明显增厚,且对照组黄斑区厚度大于观察组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论现代小切口囊外摘除术与超声乳化摘除术对白内障的疗效相当,但对视神经纤维层和黄斑区厚度的影响更小,并发症发生率更低,安全性高,临床应用价值更高。Objective To investigate effectiveness of modern small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification on cataract in treatment of patients with cataract and effects on thickness of optic nerve fiber layer and macular area.Methods A total of 94 patients with cataract admitted during October 2017 and October 2018 were divided into observation group and control group(n=47 in each group)according to different therapeutic methods.Observation group underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with modern small incision,while control group was treated with phacoemulsification.Clinical effectiveness,thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer and macular area and incidence rate of complications were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the clinical total effective rate between two groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in thickness of optic nerve fiber layer at postoperative different times in observation group(P>0.05).Thickness of optic nerve fiber layer on the 1 st d after operation was significantly thinner than that before operation in control group,and the thickness was significantly thinner than that in observation group(P<0.05).In the 1 st and 2 nd months after operation,thicknesses of macular area were significantly thicker than those before operation in two groups,and the thickness in control group was thicker than that in observation group(P<0.05).Incidence rate of complications in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Modern small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification on cataract may achieve similar effectiveness in treatment of patients with cataract,but has less effect on thicknesses of optic nerve fiber layer and macular area and lower incidence rate of complications with good safety and clinical value.

关 键 词：白内障 小切口囊外摘除术 超声乳化摘除术 视神经纤维层 黄斑区 

分 类 号：R776.1[医药卫生—眼科]