对杜威来华访问的马克思主义解读——纪念杜威访华百周年  

A Marxist Interpretation of Dewey’s Visit to China: A Centennial Commemoration

作　　者：刘放桐[1] LIU Fangtong(School of Philosophy,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院

出　　处：《中国浦东干部学院学报》2019年第5期52-60,共9页Journal of China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong

摘　　要：杜威是最有代表性的现当代哲学改革家。杜威哲学是一种把现实生活和实践放在首位的实践哲学,杜威的哲学上的哥白尼转向是实践的转向。杜威对新文化运动和五四精神都是抱赞成态度的。20世纪五四时期杜威在中国两年多的讲学活动,对中国的思想启蒙,特别是对促进中国传统文化与世界文化的交流,对中国传统文化的现代化起了一定的积极作用。新中国成立70年来对杜威哲学及其实用主义经历了从不切实际的批判到用发展着的马克思主义观点重新研究和评价的过程。杜威哲学与马克思哲学在超越近代哲学的思辨形而上学,或者说主体性形而上学上有着重要的共同之处,其中的关键是两者都把实践的观点当作其哲学的根本观点。发展着的马克思主义与新实用主义的发展既存在着冲突,又存在着互补,在适应当今社会发展趋势方面,新实用主义又会被发展着的马克思主义所包容,由此促进马克思主义的更大发展。Dewey is the most representative of all modern and contemporary reformers of philosophy.Dewey’s philosophy is a type of pragmatic philosophy that puts real life and practice first.Dewey’s philosophical Copernican shift is a shift of practice.Dewey agreed with the New Culture Movement and the May Fourth Spirit.Dewey’s over two years teaching activities in China during the May Fourth period in the 20th century played an active role for China’s ideological enlightenment especially for the exchange between traditional Chinese culture and world culture,and the modernization of traditional Chinese culture.In the 70 years of New China,Dewey’s philosophy and pragmatism experienced a journey from unrealistic criticism to restudy and reassessment with developing Marxist views.Dewey’s philosophy shares important similarities with Marxist philosophy in speculative metaphysics transcending modern philosophy,i.e.in subjective metaphysics of which the key is that both philosophies take practice as their root conception.There exist both conflicts and complements between developing Marxism and neopragmatism.Developing Marxism tolerates neopragmatism in adapting to the current social trends and therefore achieves greater development.

关 键 词：哲学变更 启蒙思潮 马克思主义的批判 当代哲学研究 

分 类 号：B712.51[哲学宗教—外国哲学]