二语前照应和后照应代词的在线加工研究  

The Online Processing of Anaphoric and Cataphoric Pronouns in L2

作　　者：吴迪 吴明军[2] 高行珍 Zhang Jun Lawrence WU Di;WU Mingjun;GAO Xingzhen

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学研究生院,重庆400031 [2]重庆工商大学外国语学院,重庆400067 [3]太原理工大学外国语学院,山西太原030024 [4]奥克兰大学教育与社会工作学部,新西兰奥克兰1023

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2019年第4期90-100,148,149,共13页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目“中国学生识解英语指代成分的加工研究”(项目编号:19YJA740062);四川外国语大学2018年研究生科研创新项目“影响二语代词消解的因素研究”(项目编号:SISU2018YY17);重庆市社科规划项目“二语歧义指代的在线加工机制研究”(项目编号:2018YBYY135);第九批“中国外语教育基金”项目汉英代词指代原则对比及外语学习者英语代词在线加工机制研究(项目编号:ZGWYJYJJ2018Z16)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本研究通过一个自定步速阅读实验,探讨二语包含前照应和后照应两种代词句子的加工是否存在差异。我们记录了包含两个子句的句子阅读时间,每个子句中有一个人名或代词,性别或相同,或不同。阅读完句子后,受试回答一个是非问句,根据答案可知代词是否和人名同指。阅读时间的结果表明,在第一个子句中后照应代词条件的消解速度快于前照应代词条件,在第二个子句中前照应代词的消解速度快于后照应代词;在前照应代词消解中存在性别不一致效应,而在后照应代词消解中没有该效应。指称判断的结果支持阅读时间的结果,差异源于代词和专有名词的不同词汇特征和语篇功能,以及二语学习者对人名—代词和代词—人名不同配对的不同加工方式:前照应代词消解采用链接和诊断方法,后照应代词消解采用积极搜索方法。A self-paced reading experiment was conducted to investigate whether there were differences in the processing sentences containing anaphoric and cataphoric pronouns in the second language.Reading time was measured on the sentences containing two clauses in which,respectively,located a proper name and a pronoun,either congruent or incongruent in gender.After reading the whole sentence,participants were required to answer a yes-no question concerning the reference of the pronoun.The results of reading time showed that cataphoric pronouns were resolved more rapidly than anaphoric pronouns in the first clause,but were resolved more slowly than anaphoric pronouns in the second clause.The results of co-reference judgment were in par with the reading time.We posit that the differences originated from the different lexical and dis-course characteristics of pronouns and proper names.Furthermore,L2 readers adopted different processing strategies for different pairs of referents(i.e.,name-pronoun vs.pronoun-name):bonding and evaluation for anaphoric pronouns and active search for cataphoric pronouns.

关 键 词：前照应代词 后照应代词 代词消解 语篇显著性表征模型 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]