专利质量影响因素分析——基于专利引文结构新视角  

The Determinants Analysis of Patent Quality: A New Perspective of Patent Citation Structure

作　　者：朱桂龙[1] 王萧萧 Zhu Guilong;Wang Xiaoxiao(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;School of Management,Qilu University of Technology,Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510641 [2]齐鲁工业大学管理学院,山东济南250353

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2019年第9期67-75,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“我国产学研合作创新理论与政策研究”(71233003);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目“转型期广东创新驱动发展:战略与路径”(2016A030312005)

摘　　要：本文在分析专利质量的界定、评价指标及影响因素的基础上,提出使用专利前向引用和后向引用的比值作为专利质量的衡量指标,并根据前向引用和后向引用的中位数,将专利质量分为技术独特者、技术先驱者、技术模仿者和技术促成者四种类型。运用2006-2010年中国在欧洲专利局全球统计数据库中的专利数据,验证专利自身技术特征和申请人特征对专利质量的影响。研究结果表明,专利家族数量、发明人数量、专利技术宽度和非专利文献数量对专利质量的影响程度不同;大企业更倾向于技术促成者,中小企业更倾向于技术模仿者,高校倾向于技术先驱者,产学合作对技术模仿者和技术促成者均有正向影响。Based on the analysis of the definition of patent quality,the evaluation index and the determinants,this paper puts forward the ratio of the forward citations and the backward citations as the measure of the patent quality.And according to the median of forward citations and backward citations,the patent quality is divided into four types:technology mavericks,technology pioneers,technology adopters,and technology enablers.This paper tests the influence of patent s technical characteristics and characteristics of applicant on patent quality by using the patent data of PATSTAT from 2006 to 2010.It reaches conclusions as follows:patent family size,the number of inventors,the breadth of technology and the number of non-patent literature have different influences on the patent quality.The large enterprises are more inclined to technology enablers.The small and medium-sized enterprises tend to be technology adopters.The universities are more inclined to be technology pioneers.And the role of university-industry collaboration has significant positive impact on the technology adopters and technology enablers.

关 键 词：专利质量 专利引证 影响因素 产学合作 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]