基于小气候实测的杭州西湖传统避暑名景研究  

Research of Cool Scenery in West Lake of Hangzhou Based on the Local Climate

作　　者：张敏霞 宋恬恬 梅丹英 叶丹 鲍沁星 ZHANG Min-xia;SONG Tian-tian;MEI Dan-ying;YE Dan;BAO Qin-xing(School of Landscape and Architecture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,311300,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第3期86-90,共5页Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“基于微气候舒适度的杭州西湖避暑名景量化评价与比较研究”(17YJC760117);国家自然科学基金面上项目“杭州西湖山林文化景观遗产综合研究-以灵隐飞来峰为例”(31770754);中国国家留学基金

摘　　要：避暑是杭州西湖夏季游赏的主要特点之一。古人于炎炎夏日在西湖周边寻觅避暑纳凉佳处并在其上营造亭台楼阁,经历代演进逐步发展成为避暑名景。近年杭州位列全国夏季最高温的城市之一,夏季户外游览体验亟待提升。然而西湖传统避暑名景的特征依旧突出,为民众提供了较为舒适的室外活动空间,因此对其避暑特征的研究整理具有重要的现实意义。通过实测来量化评价西湖传统名景的避暑效果,在文献考证、实地考察的基础上选取样点,采集小气候数据,通过实测数据来验证与分析其避暑效果,并指出了山林选址、林木阴翳、巧借冷源、尺度适宜等空间特征与避暑效果密切相关。本文旨在推动杭州西湖文化景观遗产实证研究及传统园林避暑生态智慧的转化,以期为绘制杭州西湖风景名胜区避暑地图、提升夏季环境安全性与舒适性提供借鉴。Hangzhou has been very hot in summer ever since ancient times.Ancient people looked for good places around the West Lake to escape the summer heat and built pavilions on them,which gradually developed into famous summer resorts.In recent years,Hangzhou was listed as one of the cities with the highest summer temperature in China,so the outdoor tour experience in summer needs to be improved urgently.Fortunately,most of the famous traditional scenic spots in the West Lake area still have prominent cooling effect and provide relatively comfortable outdoor activity space.Therefore,it is of great significance to research and sort out the cooling features.In this study,based on literature research and onthe-spot investigation,we try to quantitatively evaluate the cooling effect of the traditional summer resorts of the West Lake by measuring the sample points.The paper points out that these traditional summer resorts have prominent spatial merits such as being located in mountain forest,with big tree canopy,rich cooling sources and appropriate scale.The conclusion can help to improve the safety and comfort of summer outdoor environment of the West Lake,a cultural landscape of the world heritage,and provide reference for the summary of the cooling wisdom of traditional gardens in the south of the Yangtze river.

关 键 词：风景园林 杭州西湖 避暑名景 避暑特征 文化景观遗产 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]