信阳茶区柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的发生与为害规律  

Occurrence and Damage of Overwintering Populations of Ricania sublimbata Jacobi in Xinyang Tea-producing Area

作　　者：金银利 马全朝 张方梅[1,2] 乔利 耿书宝 尹健 JIN Yinli;MA Quanchao;ZHANG Fangmei;QIAO Li;GENG Shubao;YIN Jian(Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,China;Henan Provincial South Henan Crop Pest Green Prevention and Control Academician Workstation,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464000 [2]河南省豫南农作物有害生物绿色防控院士工作站,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2019年第5期595-601,共7页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：茶园化肥农药减施增效技术集成研究与示范(2016YFD0200900);信阳农林学院青年教师科研基金资助项目(201701007);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(17A210026)

摘　　要：不仅调查了粗放和精细两种管理模式茶园内柿广翅蜡蝉越冬产卵刻痕对茶枝的为害情况,还调查统计了其越冬产卵时对茶枝直径的选择情况,以及在茶枝上越冬产卵部位、产卵刻痕长度和相应的着卵量。研究表明,两个粗放管理茶园内茶枝的受害率(9.86%、13.79%)均显著高于精细管理茶园,柿广翅蜡蝉成虫偏向于在直径为0.20~0.30 cm的茶枝上产卵越冬,而且产卵刻痕顶端至茶枝芽头的平均距离为7.22 cm,产卵刻痕长度平均值为1.35 cm。此外,柿广翅蜡蝉越冬产卵刻痕长度(x)与刻痕内着卵量(y)之间呈显著正相关关系,满足方程:y=17.83x+1.12(F=3 652,df=1 145,R^2=0.96,P<2.2×10^-16)。建议每年10月初到次年3月下旬,应及时剪除受越冬卵刻痕为害的茶树嫩枝条并加强茶园管理,以实现柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的区域性控制。本研究为信阳茶区柿广翅蜡蝉越冬种群的预测预报和生态防控提供了理论依据,对减少茶园农药用量以及提高“信阳毛尖”的产量和品质具有非常重要的意义。In the present study,not only the scarring damage caused by overwintering eggs of Ricania sublimbata Jacobi in tea gardens with intensive or extensive management,but also the scale of tea branch chosen by R.sublimbata for oviposition,the length of scar and number of overwintering eggs in each scar were investigated.The results indicate that the damage rates in tea gardens with extensive management(9.86%,13.79%)were significantly higher than those in intensively managed tea gardens.Adult R.sublimbata preferred to lay overwintering eggs in tea branches,with scale diameter of about 0.20-0.30 cm.Moreover,the average distance from the top of oviposition scar to tip of the tea shoot was 7.22 cm.The mean length of oviposition scar was 1.35 cm.The results also indicate that there was a significantly positive linear relationship between the length of oviposition scar(x)and number of overwintering eggs in the scar(y)and the relationship could be expressed as:y=17.83x+1.12(F=3 652,df=1 145,R^2=0.96,P<2.2×10^-16).It was suggested to cut off the tea branches with oviposition scar from early October to next March,and improve management of tea garden so as to control the regional damage of this pest.This study provided a theoretical basis for the prediction and ecological control of overwintering population of R.sublimbata in Xinyang tea-producing area,which was of great significance for reducing the use of pesticides and improving yield and quality of Xinyang Maojian tea.

关 键 词：柿广翅蜡蝉 越冬种群 发生与为害 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S435.711[农业科学—作物学]