枯草芽胞杆菌发酵液对苹果树腐烂病的防治效果  

Control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth against apple Valsa canker

作　　者：翟世玉 殷辉[1,3] 周建波 吕红[1,3] 常芳娟 韩巨才[2] 赵晓军 ZHAI Shiyu;YIN Hui;ZHOU Jianbo;L Hong;CHANG Fangjuan;HAN Jucai;ZHAO Xiaojun(Institute of Plant Protection,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801 [3]农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《植物保护》2019年第5期226-231,274,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划(201603D221013-3);山西省应用基础研究计划青年基金(201601D202073);山西省农业科学院优势课题组自选项目(YYS1716)

摘　　要：为明确来自苹果树上的1株生防菌LF17对腐烂病菌的抑制作用及其发酵液对腐烂病的防治效果,采用形态学结合16S rDNA和gyrA基因序列分析对菌株LF17进行了鉴定,并通过滤纸法测定了发酵液对腐烂病菌的抑制率,利用涂抹发酵液的方法测定了发酵液对腐烂病的防效。结果表明,菌株LF17发酵液对腐烂病菌的抑菌率为93.80%,与甲基硫菌灵(94.20%)抑菌率相当,显著高于嘧菌酯(42.60%)、辛菌胺(52.80%)和苯醚甲环唑(81.30%);离体枝条防治结果表明,发酵液水剂和膏剂对腐烂病的防效为78.59%~80.40%,与甲基硫菌灵(76.93%)相比差异不显著,与嘧菌酯(44.15%)、辛菌胺(68.25%)、苯醚甲环唑(74.45%)相比差异显著;田间试验表明,涂有发酵液的伤口愈合面积为9.37~9.79 cm^2,病疤复发率为3.82%~4.56%,与其他4种药剂相比差异显著。研究表明菌株LF17发酵液对腐烂病菌有明显抑制作用,且可促进伤口的愈合并显著降低腐烂病的复发。The objective is to define the inhibitory effect of a strain LF17 isolated from apple trees and the control efficacy of the fermentation broth against the apple Valsa canker.Based on the morphological characteristics,16S rDNA and gyrA sequence analysis,the strain LF17 was defined as Bacillus subtilis.The inhibition rate and control efficacy of fermentation broth on V.mali was tested by filter paper method and daubing fermentation broth,respectively.The results showed that the inhibition rate of fermentation broth against V.mali wa s 93.80%,which was similar to that of thiophanate-methyl(94.20%),but significantly higher than those of azoxystrobin(42.60%),xinjunan(52.80%)and difenoconazole(81.30%).Control efficacy test on excised twigs showed that the inhibition rate of fermentation broth against apple Valsa canker was 78.59%-80.4%,which was no obvious difference with that of thiophanate-methyl(76.93%),but significantly different from those of azoxystrobin(44.15%),xinjunan(68.25%)and difenoconazole(74.45%).Field experiment showed that the healing area of fermentation broth was 9.37-9.79 cm^2,and the recurrence rate of apple Valsa canker was 3.82%-4.56%,which was significantly higher than chemicals.The results indicated that the fermentation broth of LF17 had a significant inhibitory effect on V.mali.It can effectively stimulate the wound healing and remarkably reduce the recurrence of apple Valsa canker.

关 键 词：苹果树腐烂病 枯草芽胞杆菌 发酵液 抑菌率 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]