中国西南花生产区黄曲霉菌分布、产毒力及花生黄曲霉毒素污染  

Distribution and aflatoxin contamination by Aspergillus flavus in peanut from the southwest China

作　　者：张杏 岳晓凤[1,2,3,4] 丁小霞 李培武[1,2,3,4,5] 余秋玉 谢华里[1,2] 张奇 张兆威 张文 ZHANG Xing;YUE Xiao-feng;DING Xiao-xia;LI Pei-wu;YU Qiu-yu;XIE Hua-li;ZHANG Qi;ZHANG Zhao-wei;ZHANG Wen(Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China;Laborato ry of Risk Assessment for Oil seeds Products(Wuhan),Wuhan 430062,China;Key Laboratory of Detection for My cotoxins,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China;National Agricultural Testing Bench mark Laboratory(Biotoxin),Wuhan 430062,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of OilCrops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062 [2]农业农村部油料产品质量安全风险评估实验室(武汉),湖北武汉430062 [3]农业农村部生物毒素检测重点实验室,湖北武汉430062 [4]国家农业检测基准实验室(生物毒素),湖北武汉430062 [5]农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2019年第5期773-780,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1601202);国家自然科学基金(31601573,31701726);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同任务(CAAS-XTCX2019024)

摘　　要：为探明中国西南花生产区黄曲霉菌分布、产毒力及产后花生黄曲霉毒素污染情况,从云南广南、西藏察隅、四川蓬安采集177份花生、土壤样品,共分离鉴定出黄曲霉菌206株,分析其分布及产毒特征,并调查71份产后花生样品黄曲霉毒素污染情况。结果表明,四川蓬安花生产地黄曲霉菌分布最广,数量最多,其检出率和菌落数分别为50.0%、212.0 CFU/g,西藏察隅黄曲霉菌分布最少(18.1%,52.8 CFU/g)。菌株产毒力研究结果表明,88.6%的菌株能产生黄曲霉毒素,产毒类型以B族毒素为主,尤其是AFB1,其含量在0~8500μg/L,平均产毒能力排序为:云南广南(4393.4μg/L)>西藏察隅(1991.0μg/L)>四川蓬安(1259.3μg/L);不产毒菌株占11.4%,均来自西藏察隅。对产后花生黄曲霉毒素污染研究发现,西南地区花生黄曲霉毒素污染较轻,阳性样品检出率为7.0%,AFB1含量在0~7.2μg/kg;四川蓬安花生样品AFB1检出率为4.2%,含量0~7.2μg/kg,云南广南AFB1检出率为16.7%,含量0~2.1μg/kg,西藏察隅样品未检出AFB1。西南产区黄曲霉菌检出率越高、菌落数越多,产后花生黄曲霉毒素污染越严重。To investigate the distribution,toxigenicity of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination in pea nut at post-harvest in southwest region in China,a total of 206 A.flavus strains were isolated from 177 peanut and soil samples from Guangnan in Yunnan Province(YNGN),Chayu in Tibet(XZCY),Peng'an in Sichuan Province(SCPA).Among them,71 post-harvest peanut samples in these regions were evaluated on their aflatoxin levels.Re sults showed that detection rate(50%)and colony number(212.0 CFU/g)in SCPA samples were both the highest,while those in XZCY(18.1%,52.8 CFU/g respectively)were the lowest.Among the strains,88.6%were toxigenic.They mainly produced B group aflatoxins,especially AFB1 which was in 0-8500μg/L.Their capability order was in YNGN>XZCY>SCPA.The 11.4%A.flavus strains were atoxigenic,which were all from XZCY.The level of afla toxin contamination in peanut at post-harvest in southwest region was low,only 5 of 71(7.0%)samples were posi tive with AFB1 content of 0-7.2μg/kg(0-7.2μg/kg from SCPA samples,0-2.1μg/kg from YNGN samples,and ze ro from XZCY samples.Threfore,aflatoxin contamination of peanut in southwest China might had close relation ships with the detection rate,colony number of A.flavus.Thus the higher the detection rate and the colony number,the more serious of the aflatoxin contamination in peanuts.

关 键 词：西南产区 花生 黄曲霉菌 分布 产毒力 黄曲霉毒素污染 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]