人前磨牙颈部牙釉质和牙骨质表面形貌的观察  

Morphological Analysis of Dental Enamel and Root Cementum at the Cervical Region

作　　者：孔宁华[1] 施生根[2] 吕亚林[1] 刘林 KONG Ninghua;SHI Shenggen;LV Yalin;LIU Lin(Department of Stomatology,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Stomatology,Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center(306 Hospital of PLA),Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院口腔科,北京100029 [2]战略支援部队特色医学中心口腔科(原解放军第306医院),北京100101

出　　处：《口腔医学研究》2019年第10期989-993,共5页Journal of Oral Science Research

摘　　要：目的:采用场发射环境扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察人前磨牙颊面颈部穿龈区牙釉质和牙骨质表面形貌。方法:选择因正畸治疗需要拔除的人第一恒前磨牙为实验牙,以颊面釉牙骨质界顶点为基准,分别向冠方、根方、近中、远中各延伸1 mm,获取厚约2 mm,面积约2 mm×2 mm的样品。经筛选后,牙釉质及牙骨质分别随机选择5个样品用于场发射环境扫描电子显微镜观察,20个样品用于原子力显微镜观察。测量牙釉质和牙骨质表面轮廓算术平均粗糙度(Ra)和轮廓均方根粗糙度(Rq),并统计分析结果。结果:人前磨牙颊面颈部穿龈区牙釉质表面均以波浪状的叠瓦形貌为特征,自颈部开始,釉质一层一层叠加,叠瓦层边缘钝圆而呈阶梯状排列,边缘不规则。叠瓦形貌高起处相对光滑,隐约可见浅凹;低凹处表面粗糙,多凹陷。凹陷的外形基本保持六角形,直径约4~6μm。牙骨质表面较均匀,呈现无数突起,均以乳突状形貌或丘形形貌为主。牙釉质表面Ra及Rq的平均值分别为(0.459±0.223)μm和(0.580±0.248)μm,牙骨质表面Ra及Rq的平均值分别为(0.685±0.229)μm和(0.796±0.261)μm,牙釉质表面Ra及Rq分别小于牙骨质表面Ra及Rq,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:人前磨牙颊面颈部穿龈区牙釉质表面以横纹状形貌和凹陷状形貌为主,牙骨质表面均以乳突状形貌或丘形形貌为主,牙釉质表面较牙骨质表面光滑。Objective:To characterize dental enamel and root cementum at the cervical region of healthy human teeth by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM).Methods:Sound human first premolars freshly extracted for orthodontic reasons were included in the study.The enamel surface on the buccal side of the tooth was analyzed in a narrow area,1mm coronal to the zenith of cemento-enamel junction(CEJ).The cementum surface on the buccal side of the tooth was analyzed in a narrow area,1mm apical to the zenith of CEJ.The value of Ra and Rq was measured.Results:The gross appearance of the cervical enamel was characterized by overlapping wave-like layers.The border of each enamel layer was highly undulated and formed in most areas a distinct rounded step towards the underlying layer.The exposed surface of each enamel layer was relatively smooth with very shallow depressions of Tomes'processes pits.The diameter of the Tomes'process pit was 4 to 6 microns.The cementum was characterized by projections above the general plane of the mineralizing front.The mean Ra and standard deviation inμm were:enamel,0.459±0.223;cementum,0.685±0.229.The mean Rq and standard deviation inμm were:enamel,0.580±0.248;cementum,0.796±0.261.There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)among Ra and Rq between enamel and root cementum.Conclusion:Dental enamel surface and root cementum surface at the cervical region showed a clear difference in topography.Enamel surfaces were slightly smoother than root cementum surfaces.The findings from the study of the morphology of teeth gave us valuable insights for designing percutaneous implants.

关 键 词：牙釉质 牙骨质 表面形貌 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]