不同水质评价方法在滦河下游段的比较应用  

Comparative Application of Different Water Quality Evaluation Methods in The Downstream Section of Luanhe River

作　　者：王竹 朱士江[1] 刘扬[2] 王芳[2] WANG Zhu;ZHU Shi-jiang;LIU Yang;WANG Fang(Institute of Water Conservancy and Environment,Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,Hubei,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2019年第10期68-72,77,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0408103);流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金(2016TS01);湖南省科技重大专项课题(2018SK1010);水利部行业科技计划项目(126301001000160014-2);天津市科技计划项目(17YFCZZC00210)

摘　　要：科学有效的水质评价方法是分析河流污染原因、制定污染治理措施的前提。以海河流域滦河下游段及冀东沿海诸河为例,采用单因子评价法、内梅罗指数法、综合污染指数法、模糊数学法和主成分分析5种方法分别评价该流域内17个监测断面逐月水质状况。结果表明:①所有监测断面均为劣Ⅴ类水质,饮马河、汤河等断面污染严重,NH3-N为主要污染物;②不同的水质分析方法各有优势,单因子评价法和主成分分析相结合的方法计算简便,能满足识别水质类别、主要污染物及超标倍数的要求,更适于本研究区的水质评价工作。Scientific and effective water quality assessment method is the premise of analyzing the causes of river pollution and formulating pollution control measures.Taking the Luanhe river downstream section of Haihe river basin and the coastal rivers of eastern Hebei province as examples,the monthly water quality status of 17 monitoring sections in the river basin was evaluated by single factor evaluation method,Nemerow index method,comprehensive pollution index method,fuzzy mathematics method and principal component analysis method.The results show that:①water quality of all monitoring sections are inferior to Class V,with serious pollution in Yinmahe River,Tanghe River and other sections,and NH3-N as the main pollutant;②different water quality analysis methods have their own advantages.The method of single factor evaluation and principal component analysis is simple to calculate,which can meet the requirements of identifying water quality categories,major pollutants and exceeding the standard multiple,and is more suitable for the water quality evaluation in this study area.

关 键 词：水环境质量评价 单因子评价法 内梅罗指数法 综合污染指数法 模糊数学法 主成分分析法 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]