社会经济:新时期西部民族地区农村集体经济的发展路径——基于甘孜藏区的地方性实践  

Social Economy as the Development Path for Rural Collective Economy in Western Ethnic Areas in the New Era——Based on the Local Practice of Ganzi Tibetan Areas

作　　者：王蒙 WANG Meng

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院

出　　处：《湖北民族学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第6期87-93,共7页Journal of Hubei Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目青年基金“精准扶贫背景下康藏地区农牧民贫困致贫机理及减贫机制研究”(17XJC840003)

摘　　要：新时期,西部民族地区乡村社会存在组织化与市场化困境,壮大农村集体经济成为脱贫振兴的重要途径。通过剖析甘孜藏区农村集体经济的典型案例,发现市场化导向的农村集体产权制度改革并不能自动促进农村集体经济发展。在多样化实践模式之中,具有社会经济属性的农村集体经济减贫效应最高并涉及经济、社会、生态等多个维度,同时也激活了产业发展的社区内生动力。这是由于作为社会经济的农村集体经济是一种建立在互惠合作基础之上的“在地经济”,农牧民广泛、平等地参与劳动分工并且能够对经营管理进行有效监督,在利益分配时兼顾了成员身份与劳动贡献,最终实现产业发展的经济性与社会性平衡。由此,西部民族地区农村新型集体经济的发展应以建构社会经济为导向,以内生性的集体经济振兴促进社区共同体的整体性发展。In the new era,the traditional form of village organization in Western ethnic minority areas is no longer suitable for the growing degree of marketization.Meanwhile,developing collective economy has been proved to an effective way to alleviate poverty and revitalize rural regions.A case study of rural collective economy in Ganzi Tibetan areas shows that market-oriented reform of rural collective ownership could not automatically lead to its development.Among the diversified models that have been practiced,rural collective economy with the attributes of social economy turned out to be most effective,in that not only are the multiple dimensions of the society covered,but the endogenous dynamics of the industries is also activated.Based on mutual benefits and cooperation,this kind of“localized economy”could help to ensure the active and equal participation of farmers and herdsmen not only in the division of labor but also in monitoring operation and management.Member's identity and contribution were also taken into account for profit distribution.Therefore,the balance between economic growth and social equality was maintained.The example suggests that the attributes of social economy should be incorporated into the new rural collective economies so that their endogenous dynamics can be fully activated and sound communities can be built.

关 键 词：社会经济 民族地区 社区股份合作制 农村新型集体经济 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]