发酵时间对黄花棘豆青贮品质及苦马豆素含量的影响  

Effect of Fermentation Time on the Quality and Swainsonine Content of Oxytropis ochrocephala Silage

作　　者：陈璟 黄文颖[3] 赵宝玉[1] 莫重辉[4] CHEN Jing;HUANG Wen-ying;ZHAO Bao-yu;MO Chong-hui(Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China;Qinghai Vocational and Technical College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Huangyuan,Qinghai,812100,China;Qinghai Provincial Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Xining,Qinghai,810001,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai,810016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100 [2]青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院,青海湟源812100 [3]青海省动物疫病预防控制中心,青海西宁810001 [4]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2019年第11期77-81,共5页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：科技援青专项(2020-QY-210);青海省科技厅科技创新能力促进计划项目(2014-ZJ-771)

摘　　要：探究不同发酵时间对黄花棘豆(Oxytropis ochrocephala)青贮品质及苦马豆素含量的影响,进而为黄花棘豆作为优质牧草资源开发利用提供新途径。选择含水量为75%的新鲜黄花棘豆,填充于青贮瓶中压实密封后置避光处室温保存,分别于青贮0、10、20、30……100 d取样,感观检查青贮效果,利用内标气相色谱法测定青贮前后苦马豆素含量,确定黄花棘豆最佳青贮发酵时间。结果表明,黄花棘豆青贮后基本保持黄绿色,质地变软易分离,手抓松散不粘手,并随着青贮发酵时间的延长,散发出酸香味越来越浓,青贮效果较好;苦马豆素质量浓度为0.375 mg/mL^6 mg/mL,苦马豆素质量浓度和me-Gal峰面积呈直线线性关系(R 2=0.999 98),加标回收率84.36%,RSD=0.77%,表明该方法准确度和精密度较好,可用于样品中苦马豆素含量测定;经测定不同青贮发酵时间黄花棘豆中苦马豆素含量,青贮100 d时苦马豆素含量比青贮前下降51.90%。结论,黄花棘豆青贮发酵100 d以上可作为高蛋白饲料利用。The effects of different fermentation time on the silage quality and swainsonine content of Oxytropis ochrocephala were explored,which provided a new way for the development and utilization of Oxytropis ochrocephala as a high quality forage resource.In this experiment,the fresh Oxytropis ochrocephala with a water content of 75%was selected,filled in a silage bottle and compacted and sealed at room temperature.The samples were taken at 0 d,10 d,20 d,30 d.100 d for silage,and the silage effect was examined.The content of swainsonine before and after silage was determined by internal standard gas chromatography,and the optimal silage fermentation time of Oxytropis ochrocephala was determined.The results showed that silage Oxytropis ochrocephala basically keept yellow-green,the texture became soft and easy to separate,the hand grasped loose and not sticky,and with the prolongation of silage fermentation time,the acidity and fragrance were more and more concentrated.It indicated that the silage effect of Oxytropis ochrocephala was better.When mass concentration of swainsonine was between 0.375 and 6 mg/mL,the mass concentration of swainsonine and the peak area of me-Gal were inalinear relationship(R 2=0.99998).Adding standard recovery ratio was 84.36%,and RSD was 0.77%.The results showed that the method was accurate,and could be used to determine swainsonine content of silage oxytropis ochrocephala.The content of swainsonine in Oxytropis ochrocephala was determined in different silage fermentation time.The content of swainsonine decreased by 51.90%compared with that before silage.Conclusion:Oxytropis ochrocephala silage fermentation can be used as high protein feed for more than 100 days.

关 键 词：黄花棘豆 发酵时间 品质 苦马豆素 疯草 

分 类 号：S859.87[农业科学—临床兽医学]