电动力学典型例题拓展:接地导体球置于均匀外电场中  

EXPANSION OF A TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF ELECTRODYNAMICS:A GROUNDED CONDUCTING SPHERE IN UNIFORM EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD

作　　者：赵海军[1] 李洋阳 张振海 ZHAO Haijun;LI Yangyang;ZHANG Zhenhai(Center for Molecules Research and School of Physics and Information Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen Shanxi 041000)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学物理与信息工程学院

出　　处：《物理与工程》2019年第4期111-114,共4页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：山西师范大学优质课程项目(2017YZKC-35);山西师范大学现代文理学院教学改革创新项目(2019JG14)

摘　　要：电动力学教学中经常利用例题对学生所学内容进行巩固和深化,但是多数的教科书中使用例题的目的也只是用它来具体表现每堂课所讲的知识点,并没有充分发掘和扩展该例题,使它可以将一系列的相关知识联系起来。本研究中,接地导体球置于均匀外电场中这一电动力学典型例题被拓展讨论;电场、电势、感应电荷分布和感应电荷偶极矩这4个物理量之间的相互关系在文中给出,对这一物理系教师所熟知的例题的挖掘和扩展,显示了利用同一模型对多个知识点举例是可行的,对电动力学教学也是有益的。In electrodynamic teaching,examples are often used to consolidate and deepen what students have learned.However,the purpose of using examples in most textbooks is only to demonstrate the key points of each lecture instead of exploring and investigating the focus in the examples in details.Actually,it is noteworthy that the characteristic of interconnection among some examples can be helpful for forming a model that is available in the explanation of multiple relative knowledge points.Thus,it is unnecessary for teachers to explain all examples in order to help students master the whole knowledge points in this curriculum.Given the above considerations,in the present study,as a typical example of electrodynamics,a grounded conducting sphere in a uniform external electric field is discussed extensively.Additionally,the relationship of four physical quantities,including the electric field intensity,the electric potential,the induced charge distribution and electric dipole moment,are investigated.The exploration of the well-known example shows that it is feasible to use the same model to exemplify multiple knowledge points and is also beneficial to the teaching of electrodynamics.

关 键 词：静电场 导体球 电偶极矩 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]