基于HFACS的电梯事故人因分析  

Analysis of human factors of elevator accidents based on HFACS

作　　者：许素睿[1,2] XU Surui(Department of Safety Engineering,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048,China;Institute of Safety and Occupational Hygiene,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院安全工程系 [2]中国劳动关系学院安全与职业卫生工程研究所

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2019年第7期70-75,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：中国劳动关系学院一般项目(18YYJS006);中国劳动关系学院院级重点科研项目(17YZ004)

摘　　要：为找出电梯事故的主要人为因素,并分析其间的关系,首先以53起电梯事故案例为样本,采用人因分析与分类系统(HFACS)模型,进行电梯事故分类统计与分析;然后利用卡方检验和比值比分析HFACS上下层人因间的相关性,最后从组织层面和个人层面分别提出预防电梯事故的对策。结果表明:安全文化缺失、违规、技能差错、监督不充分和监督违规是导致电梯事故的高频人因;精神状态差、个人准备状态、身体/智力缺陷和技术环境是不安全行为的主要原因,安全文化缺失和资源管理漏洞是不安全行为的根本原因。In order to figure out the main human factors leading to elevator accidents and the relationship between human factors,53 elevator accidents were taken as samples,and HFACS was used to carry out the classification and analysis of elevator accidents.Then the correlation between human factors in the upper and lower levels was discussed by chi-square test and ratio analysis.Finally,countermeasures for preventing elevator accidents were put forward from the perspective of organization and individual.The results show that the lack of safety culture,violation,skill error,inadequate supervision and supervision violation are human factors which occur more frequently in leading to elevator accidents,that poor mental state,inadequate preparation,physical or intellectual deficiencies and technological environment are main causes of unsafe behavior,and that the root causes of unsafe behavior reside in the lack of safety culture and resource management loopholes.

关 键 词：电梯事故 人因分析与分类系统(HFACS) 人为因素 不安全行为 预防对策 

分 类 号：X928.9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]