铁路隧道近距下穿地铁隧道的微振爆破技术  

Micro-vibration Blasting Technology for Railway Tunnels beneath Existing Metro Tunnel in Short Distance

作　　者：傅洪贤[1] 赵继罡 高宇璠 FU Hongxian;ZHAO Jigang;GAO Yufan(Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Inner Mongolia Electric Power Survey and Design Institute Limited,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学,北京100044 [2]内蒙古电力勘测设计院有限责任公司,呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2019年第9期72-78,共7页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51278042)

摘　　要：研究目的:隧道超近距下穿运营地铁隧道时,通常采用机械施工。本文基于目前最先进的起爆器材--电子雷管,采用隧道电子雷管单孔连续起爆降振技术,利用无线爆破振动监测设备测试每次爆破产生的振动,优化爆破参数和减振措施,确保运营地铁隧道和列车内人员的安全,形成超近距下穿运营地铁隧道的微振爆破技术。研究结论:(1)超近接隧道修建时,可以采用微振爆破技术,根据保护目标的要求,可适当增加减振措施;(2)采用微振爆破技术,在施工效率和经济成本方面优于机械施工;(3)掏槽区设置减振孔的减振效果明显,减振效果与减振孔孔径大小和数量有关;(4)目前的爆破振动规律或计算公式并不适合近接隧道的爆破振动控制,这种情况下建议:每炮均测试爆破振动,然后调整爆破参数满足控制标准;(5)本研究成果可为近接隧道施工提供参考。Research purposes:Mechanic construction is usually used when the tunnel passes under the metro tunnel at a very short distance.Based on the most advanced initiating equipment-electronic detonator,the technology of single-hole continuous initiation and vibration reduction of tunnel electronic detonator was adopted in this paper.Wireless blasting vibration monitoring equipment was used to test the vibration generated by each blasting,the blasting parameters and vibration reduction measures were optimized,the safety of personnel in the operation of subway tunnels and trains were ensured,and the drilling and blasting technology of running subway tunnels under ultra-close distance was formed.Research conclusions:(1)When distance between constructing tunnel and existing tunnel is very short,micro-vibration blasting technology can be used,and vibration reduction measures can be increased appropriately according to the requirements of protection objectives.(2)Using micro-vibration blasting technology is superior to mechanical construction in terms of construction efficiency and economic cost.(3)The vibration reduction effect of setting vibration reduction holes in cutting area is obvious,and the vibration reduction effect is related to the size and quantity of vibration reduction holes.(4)The current blasting vibration laws or calculation formulas are not suitable for the control of blasting vibration in adjacent tunnels.In this case,it is suggested that each blast should be used to test the blasting vibration,and then the blasting parameters should be adjusted to meet the control standards.(5)The research results can provide reference for construction of tunnel under ultra-close distance.

关 键 词：隧道 微振爆破 下穿 振动控制 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]