深海富稀土沉积研究的若干问题  

Some Problems in Research of Deep Sea Rare Earth Rich Deposit

作　　者：张霄宇[1,2] 石学法[3] 黄牧[3] 滕国超 麻书畅 黄大松[1] Zhang Xiaoyu;Shi Xuefa;Huang Mu;Teng Guochao;Ma Shuchang;Huang Dasong(School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Ocwan Academy,Zhejiang University,Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Ocean Observation-Imaging Tested of Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316000,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentary and Environmental Geology,The First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Laboratory for Marine Geology,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学地球科学学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学海洋研究院,浙江省海洋观测-成像试验区重点实验室,浙江舟山316021 [3]海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2019年第5期517-529,I0001,共14页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会资助面上项目(41773005);国际海域资源调查与开发“十三五”课题(DY135-R2-1-01);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0602305)资助

摘　　要：深海富稀土沉积是指稀土元素含量(包含Y)2400x10^-6的一类深海沉积物,以中-重稀土富集、与钙十字沸石紧密共生而区别于其他深海沉积类型。深海富稀土沉积在太平洋和印度洋广泛分布,其稀土氧化物资源量可达1000亿t,其中重稀土资源量约为325亿t,引起了国际学术界的普遍关注。在系统总结深海富稀土沉积的调査研究历史和现状基础上,对其分布特征和规律、地球化学特征、载体矿物、富集机制、物质来源等研究进展进行了阐述,并指出了目前在稀土元素富集机制研究方面存在的几个重要问题:稀土元素的物质来源;沉积物孔隙水对于稀土元素富集的作用;钙十字沸石等共生矿物的成矿指示意义。Deep sea rare earth(including yttrium)rich deposits characterized with high content of RE(higher than 400x10^-6),enrichment of heavy rare earth and being associated with phillipsite.It is widely distributed in the Pacific and Indian Ocean.The amount of RE oxide in the deep sea RE rich deposit are estimated as 1000 billion tons,and the amount of heavy rare earth oxide are estimated as 325 billion tons.The potential mineral resources of RE in the deep sea RE rich deposit has been received great concerns world wide.Based on the recent researches of deep sea RE rich deposit,this paper aims to summarize the research progresses in the distribution characteristics of deep sea RE rich deposit worldwide,the host minerals of RE,the enrichment mechanism of RE and material sources and so on.However further studies on the material sources of RE are premises to improve the under standing the mineralization mechanism of deep sea RE rich deposit as potential mineral resources.The significance of pore water in the enrichment of RE and the associated mineral phillipsite indicating the material sources of RE need to be paid more attentions.

关 键 词：深海富稀土沉积 地球化学特征 载体矿物 富集机制 物质来源 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] P744[天文地球—地质学]