隐私风险估算框架下用户位置信息敏感性认知  

User’s Sensitive Cognition of Location Information under the Framework of Privacy Risk Estimation

作　　者：杨世宏[1,2] 陈堂发 张睿[1] YANG Shi-hong;CHEN Tang-fa;ZHANG Rui(School of Journalism and Communication,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023;School of Foreign Studies,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学新闻传播学院,江苏南京210023 [2]安徽大学外语学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第4期8-16,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“互联网与表达权的法律边界研究”（15ZDB144）;安徽省高校人文社会科学重点项目“新媒体传播环境下的隐私保护法律问题研究”(SK2017A0004)

摘　　要：用户对于敏感位置信息的认知状况是隐私及个人信息立法优化的基础。基于隐私估算理论的“感知收益”“感知风险”并结合“感知控制”可测变量,问卷选择移动位置服务涉及的类型场所,结果显示高档休闲消费场所、大众消费娱乐场所基本不具备敏感性,社会服务场所个别具备敏感性,身体或性暗示消费场所敏感度高。感知隐私收益方面,个性化享受、社交促进的收益感知较明显,自我夸示、群体归属的收益感知水平较低;感知隐私控制收益方面,对网络隐私声明的信任以及商业道德的信任均呈现负向评价;感知隐私风险方面,对收集过多不必要信息、定位开关具有欺骗性和网络危险不可预期的感知强烈。以性别、年龄、文化程度及职业作为隐私感知的控制变量,它们虽对用户的感知收益、感知风险及感知控制产生认知差异,但总体影响不显著。Users’cognition of sensitive location information underliesthe legislative optimization of privacy and personal information.Based on“perceived benefits”and“perceived risk”of the privacy estimation theoryas well asthe measurable variable of“perception control”,the questionnaires select the types of places involving mobile location service as the research target.The findings indicate that in the high-end leisure and consumption places and mass consumption and entertainment places,the sensitivity is rare;it only exists in few social service places;and in places of sexual consumption,it is high.Regarding the benefits of perceived privacy,the perceived benefits of individualized enjoyment and social promotion are more obvious,while those of self-boasting and group membership are lower.In terms of the perceived benefits of privacy control,the trust in online privacy statements and commercialmorality is negatively evaluated.As to the risks of perceived privacy,users have a strong cognition of excessive unnecessary information collection,deceptive positioning switches and unpredictable network dangers.The reason why privacy perception,gender,age,education level and occupation are taken as control variables is,though they may result in different cognitions about users’perceived benefits,perceived risks and perceived control,they do not exert a significant impact on the whole.

关 键 词：用户位置信息 感知风险 感知收益 感知控制 敏感性认知 移动终端用户 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]