低压脉冲电场对高浓度O/W型乳化液破乳特性的影响  

Effect of low-voltage pulsed electric field on demulsification characteristics of high concentration O/W emulsion

作　　者：张雪 陈家庆[1] 肖建洪 安申法 郝金克 栾智勇 张宝生[1] 王刚[2] ZHANG Xue;CHEN Jiaqing;XIAO Jianhong;AN Shenfa;HAO Jinke;LUAN Zhiyong;ZHANG Baosheng;WANG Gang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch,SINOPEC Group,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京102617 [2]中国石化集团胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《化工进展》2019年第11期4838-4844,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司重点科研项目(317013);“十三五”国家科技重大专项子课题(2017ZX05032005-002);北京市高水平创新团队建设计划(IDHT20170507)

摘　　要：为实现高含油浓度O/W型乳化液的电场破乳预分水,借鉴电絮凝技术的工作原理自行设计了静态序批式电场破乳预分水实验装置。在对乳化液理化特性进行量化表征以确保其稳定性的基础上,以预分水率为主要评价指标,系统实验研究了电场形式、峰值电压、脉冲频率、占空比及含水率对O/W型乳化液静态破乳预分水特性的影响。结果发现,脉冲直流方波电场下乳化液的破乳效果比直流电场较好;含水率降低使乳化液的破乳程度减弱;峰值电压、脉冲频率和占空比都存在一个最优值。当施加脉冲直流方波电场、电压幅值为40V、脉冲频率为2kHz、占空比为0.5、加电时间为30min时,含水率90%乳化液的预分水率达87.18%。基于实验过程中的现象推测,高含油浓度O/W乳化液的破乳预分水机理包括双电子层作用和类似电絮凝作用。For the purpose of achieving electric field demulsification and pre-dehydration of the high oil concentration O/W emulsion,a static sequence batch experimental device used for demulsification and pre-dehydration was designed,which is based on the working principle of electrocoagulation technology.The physicochemical properties of the emulsion were characterized quantitatively to ensure its stability.Considering the pre-water removal rate as the main evaluation index,the effect of electric field form,peak voltage,pulse frequency,duty cycle,power-on time and water content on the static demulsification and pre-dehydration properties of O/W emulsion was studied systematically.The results showed that a better degree of demulsification was available under the pulsed DC square wave electric field than the DC electric field.Decreasing water content can weaken the degree of demulsification of the O/W emulsions,and there was an optimal value of peak voltage,pulse frequency and duty cycle respectively.The prewater removal rate of O/W emulsion with 90%water content can reach 87.18%applying pulsed DC square wave electric field,in the conditions of 40V peak voltage,2kHz pulse frequency,0.5 duty cycle and 30min power-on time.Furthermore,on the basis of the observations for the experimental phenomena,the demulsification and pre-dehydration mechanism of high-oil O/W emulsions includes double electron layer action and similar electrocoagulation.

关 键 词：O/W型乳化液 脉冲电场 破乳预分水特性 聚结 双电子层机理 

分 类 号：TE992[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]