宁夏压砂地砾石元素淋溶影响因素研究  

Influencing factors of element leaching of compressed gravel in Ningxia

作　　者：李王成[1,2,3] 赵研 王帅 田军仓[1,2,3] 王霞[1] 王双涛 李晨[1] 王兴 董亚萍 Li Wangcheng;Zhao Yan;Wang Shuai;Tian Juncang;Wang Xia;Wang Shuangtao;Li Chen;Wang Xing;Dong Yaping(College of Civil and Water Conservancy Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center of Water Saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation and Control,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Dry Areas,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第19期152-159,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51169021、51569022);宁夏大学国内一流建设学科“水利工程”学科项目(NXYLXK2017A03)资助

摘　　要：研究压砂地元素淋溶对宁夏回族自治区压砂地土壤环境维护以及健康发展至关重要。为研究宁夏中卫地区压砂地在不同补水量、盐分处理和温度下的元素淋溶规律,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪及电感耦合等离子体质谱仪,测定了宁夏回族自治区中卫市环香山地区2种压砂砾石的元素含量,并根据当地多年降雨灌溉资料以及气象温度水质等数据,通过室内试验分析不同补水量、盐分及温度对压砂砾石元素淋溶的影响,同时运用多元回归法分析各影响因子对元素淋溶量变化的贡献率。结果表明:1)水分的参与对压砂砾石元素淋溶有促进作用。随着补水量的增加,绿色板岩各元素淋溶量呈波动增加趋势,红色砂岩Na、Si、Cl元素淋溶量随补水量的增加逐渐增大,Mn、Ba元素淋溶量在补水量为397 mL时出现峰值,随后淋溶量减小,通过拟合方程发现压砂砾石元素淋溶量与补水量呈对数函数关系,且拟合度较高(R2>0.99)。2)随着矿化度的增加,元素淋溶量呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且在矿化度为3 g/L左右时的NaCl溶液处理下元素淋溶量达到最大值,然后逐渐减小。且通过拟合方程发现,压砂砾石元素淋溶量与盐分呈2次多项式关系。3)影响宁夏中卫地区元素淋溶量影响因子中,补水量对其元素淋溶量的影响最大,温度次之,盐分最小。研究可为压砂地土壤健康发展与可持续利用提供依据。Studying the elemental leaching of gravel in the sand soil is very important for the maintenance and healthy development of the soil in Xiangshan area,Zhongwei,Ningxia province.The test site was located in Xiangshan Township,Zhongwei,Ningxia province(36°06′N and 105°15′E).In order to study the rule of elemental leaching of sand land under different water supply,salt treatment and temperature,the elements contents of 2 kinds of gravels were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).In the experiment,2 kinds of sand gravels were studied in Zhongwei,Ningxia grey green deep gray slate,and gray red thick coarse-grained quartz feldspar sandstone.Leaching test was in a semiclosed automated simulation operation room of 5 m×1.2 m×2.5 m.According to the recent 30-year meteorological data at the weather station in Xiangshan District,Zhongweiand meteorological temperature and water quality data,the effects of water,salinity and temperature on elemental leaching of gravel were studied.Based on the annual precipitation,through P-III curve fitting results,the 3 level years of high water year(20%),flat water year(50%)and low water year(80%)are determined,and the three kinds of hydraulic typical years of high water year,flat water year and low water year were selected in 2007,1988 and 1986 respectively,and the monthly precipitation of each typical year was used to control the water replenishment in simulation experiments.According to the research data of the water melon irrigation system in Xiangshan District of Ningxia and the nearby area combined with the local irrigation habits,3 levels of adequate irrigation,75%full irrigation and inadequate irrigation were set up,with a total of 6 experimental levels,3 replicates at each level.The contribution rate of each influencing factor to elemental leaching was analyzed by multiple regression method.The results showed that:1)With the increase of water replenishment,the leaching amount o

关 键 词：砾石 元素 淋溶 盐分 补水量 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]