生态视角下绿洲乡村聚落空间格局及优化研究:以新疆博乐市为例  

Study on Spatial Pattern and Optimization of Rural Settlements in Bole From the Ecological Perspective

作　　者：吕梦婷 王宏卫[1,2] 杨胜天[1,2,3] 王慧 刘香云[1,2] 王媛媛[1,2] 王盼 Lv Meng-ting;WANG Hong-wei;YANG Sheng-tian;WANG Hui;LIU Xiang-yun;WANG Yuan-yuan;WANG Pan(College of Resource and Environment Sciences,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830046,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2019年第11期1369-1377,共9页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41861037,U1603241);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2016D01C053)

摘　　要：基于GIS技术、计量统计方法和实地调查分析了博乐市乡村聚落空间格局特征,并构建生态安全保护格局,探讨聚落优化方向。结果表明:(1)博乐市乡村聚落空间分布、规模、形态分别呈现"南北疏、中间密""东部大、西部小"和"整体规则、局部复杂"的空间分异特征;(2)乡村聚落分为大规模-形状复杂-集中分布、中规模-形状复杂-集中分布、中规模-形状规则-离散分布和小规模-形状规则-离散分布4种组合类型;(3)构建以林地和水域为源地的生态安全保护格局,将乡村聚落划分为重点整治型、限制开发型、适度建设型和集中发展型4种优化类型。该研究旨在为生态文明建设和乡村振兴战略背景下绿洲乡村聚落的规划发展和脆弱生态环境的维护提供科学依据。GIS technology, field investigations, and statistical methods were used to analyze the spatial characteristics of the rural settlement patterns in Bole County and an ecological security protection pattern was built for the optimization of rural settlement. The results show that:(1) the spatial distribution, size and shape of rural settlements in Bole are sparse in the north and south, dense in central regions, larger in the east, and smaller in the west, with characteristics of "overall in rule" and "local with complexity";(2) the rural settlements are divided into four shape-discrete distribution combinations: large scale-complex-centered, medium scale-complex-centered, medium scale-regular-sparse, and small scale-regular-sparse;(3) a pattern to protect the ecological security of woodlands and water areas as source areas would require rural settlements to be established based on a division into four optimization areas as for key remediation, restricted expansion, moderate construction, and concentrated development. These results could provide a scientific basis for planning and developing rural settlement oases and protecting fragile ecological environments based on strategic plans for ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization.

关 键 词：乡村聚落 空间格局 格局优化 生态安全保护格局 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]