阻燃剂对中密度纤维板阻燃抑烟性能的影响  

Effects of different flame retardants on flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of medium density fiberboard

作　　者：杨守禄 姬宁[1] 黄安香 李丹 吴义强 林建[3] YANG Shoulu;JI Ning;HUANG Anxiang;LI Dan;WU Yiqiang;LIN Jian(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang,Guizhou 550005,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;Guizhou Hengliyuan Forestry Technology Company,Ltd.,Longli,Guizhou 558000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]贵州恒力源林业科技有限公司,贵州龙里558000

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2019年第6期660-666,共7页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2196、黔科服企[2018]4003、黔科合平台人才[2018]5252、黔科合SY字[2014]3069号);贵州省自然科学基金项目(黔科合基础[2016]1084);贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合[2019]03号、黔林科合[2019]05号)

摘　　要：利用热重/示差扫描量热仪(TG/DSC)、锥形量热仪(CONE)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究聚磷酸铵(APP)和硼酸锌(ZB)对中密度纤维板(MDF,实验室制备面积为930.25 cm 2)阻燃抑烟性能的影响,每个板材种类重复测试3次,取平均值。结果表明:APP阻燃剂增加了MDF的残余物质量(比未处理的素板多5.93%),降低了燃烧过程中的热释放速率(HRR)、总热释放量(THR)、热释放速率峰值(peak-HRR)等,且在燃烧38 s后熄灭,阻燃效果明显,但总烟释放量(TSP)在试验结束时一直呈上升趋势,抑烟效果较差。ZB阻燃剂比素板的残余物质量提高8.79%,降低燃烧过程中的HRR、THR、peak-HRR、TSP、产烟速率(SPR)、一氧化碳产率峰值(peak-COY)、二氧化碳产率峰值(peak-CO 2 Y)等,peak-COY较未添加阻燃剂降低98.65%,抑烟效果明显;但ZB阻燃MDF燃烧后残留了白色灰烬残余物,阻燃效果较差。APP+ZB阻燃剂比素板的残余物质量提高15.97%,降低了燃烧中的热烟释放,peak-COY较未添加阻燃剂降低77.03%,APP+ZB使MDF燃烧后形成致密的炭层,单根纤维成炭完整,APP与ZB中的P、N、B元素具有协同成炭作用,促进了炭层的生成,具有显著的阻燃抑烟效果。APP与ZB复配使用,在高效阻燃的同时减少烟雾毒气释放,降低火灾危害。The effect of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and zinc borate(ZB)on flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of MDF(the panels with 930.25 cm 2 were prepared in laboratory)by thermo gravimetric/differential scanning calorimeter(TG/DSC),cone calorimeter(CONE,the experiments were repeated 3 times and taken an average),and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were researched in this paper.Results showed that,the residual mass of MDF with APP was increased by 5.93%compared to the control.Flame retardants of APP had positive effects on decreasing heat release which the heat release rate(HRR),total heat release(THR),and peak heat release rate(peak-HRR)were included when MDF subjected to combustion,and APP treated MDF had burned out after 38 s test with apparent flame retarding effect.But total smoke production(TSP)of APP treated MDF has been increasing when the test is over,the smoke suppression properties is poor.The residual mass of MDF with ZB was increased by 8.79%compared to the control,and ZB had positive effects on decreasing heat release which the HRR,THR,peak-HRR,TSP,somke production rate(SPR),peak carbon monoxide yield(peak-COY),and peak carbon dioxide yield(peak-CO 2Y)were included when MDF subjected to combustion.The peak-COY were reduced by 98.65%with addition of ZB compared to the control which showed excellent smoke suppression performance,but the residual of ZB treated MDF was almost white ashes resulted in the bad effect of flame retardant.The residual mass of MDF with APP+ZB was obviously increased by 15.97%compared to the control,and the heat and smoke release were reduced in combustion.The peak-COY were reduced by 77.03%with addition of APP+ZB compared to the control.The elements of P,N,and B in APP+ZB have significant synergistic char forming which lead to a dense carbon layer and integrity fiber carbon after CONE test,which had significant effect to improve flame retardant and smoke suppression properties.The purpose of efficient flame retardant and the least release of fumes can be achieved when t

关 键 词：聚磷酸铵 硼酸锌 中密度纤维板 阻燃 抑烟 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学] TS69[轻工技术与工程]