形态学和SNP标记分析马氏珠母贝杂交子代及其亲本群体的遗传结构  

Morphological and SNP markers for analysis of genetic structure of hybrid progeny and their parental populations of Pinctada fucata martensii

作　　者：黄景 潘肖兰 许濛 刘文广[1,3] 张华 何毛贤[1,3] HUANG Jing;PAN Xiaolan;XU Meng;LIU Wenguang;ZHANG Hua;HE Maoxian(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,广东广州510301

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2019年第6期80-89,共10页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：国家贝类产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-49)~~

摘　　要：马氏珠母贝是重要的海水养殖贝类,为了探究繁育亲本及其子代的遗传结构和关系,本研究运用多元性形态学和SNP标记对马氏珠母贝母本深圳群体、父本海南群体和其杂交子代F1的外部形态和分子遗传结构进行分析。结果发现,3个群体的综合判别率为72%,F1和母本群体的形态差异最小,父本群体与母本、F1的形态差异较大。采用HRM法(high resolution melting)应用4个SNP位点对这3个群体进行分型,3个群体的平均观测杂合度Ho和期望杂合度He分别为0.2110~0.2879和0.3317~0.4685,F1的杂合度高于两个亲本;平均多态信息含量PIC值为0.2643~0.3556,呈现中等程度遗传多样性。F1与母本之间的基因流Nm最大(7.7701),遗传距离最小(0.0546),亲缘关系最近;两个亲本之间的Nm最小(1.9662),遗传距离最大(0.1759)。rs8位点可以判别两个亲本群体,可作为特异性的标记。该结果可以为马氏珠母贝群体遗传结构鉴别、育种群体管理提供指导。The pearl oyster,Pinctada fucata martensii,is a primary marine bivalve species.To study the genetic structure and relationship of cultured parents and their hybrid generation,external morphology and genetic structure were assessed in the three populations of P.fucata martensii from Shenzhen population(female),Hainan population(male)and their hybrid generation F1,based on morphological multivariate analysis and SNP markers.The results showed that the average discriminant accuracy was 72%,and the morphological characteristics of F1 and female were similar,while male was the most different from the other two populations.Four SNP markers of the three populations were genotyped by the HRM(high resolution melting)method.The results showed that the average observed(Ho)and expected(He)heterozygosity were 0.2110 to 0.2879 and 0.3317 to 0.4685,respectively;and the heterozygosity of F1 was higher than that of the parent populations.The average polymorphism information content(PIC)values of the three populations were in the range of 0.2643 to 0.3556,which showed moderate genetic diversity.Gene flow(Nm)between F1 and female was the largest(7.7701),with minimum genetic distance being 0.0546;thus,their genetic relationships were similar.Gene flow(Nm)between the parent populations was minimum(1.9662),with largest genetic distance being 0.1759.Finally,we found that rs8 marker can be used as a specific marker to discriminate parent populations.These results should assist the discriminate of genetic structure and management of selective breeding of P.fucata martensii.

关 键 词：马氏珠母贝 遗传学 遗传结构 形态学 SNP 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学] Q958.8