成都地区老年抑郁现状及相关因素分析  

Current situation of depression and associated factors in the elderly of Chengdu district

作　　者：曹颖[1] 王意君[1] 吕莉霞 喻国[1] 贺清悦 高明 Cao Ying;Wang Yijun;LüLixia;Yu Guo;He Qingyue;Gao Ming(Department of Geriatric Endocrinology,Chengdu No.1 People's Hospital,Chengdu 610072,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市第一人民医院老年内分泌科,610072 [2]成都市第一人民医院体检科,610072 [3]成都市第一人民医院心内科,610072

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2019年第11期1182-1187,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：四川省卫生和计划生育委员会重点研究项目(18ZD006)

摘　　要：目的探讨成都地区老年抑郁现状及相关因素。方法选择2018年1~12月在成都市第一人民医院老年内分泌科、心内科住院的老年患者、体检部体检的老年人、成都市中和社区随机选取的老年人共计615例,根据老年抑郁量表(GDS)评估判断,分为正常组463例(无抑郁症状),轻度抑郁症组135例,中重度抑郁症组17例。由经过培训的医师采用GDS和老年评估问卷以面对面的方式对入选者进行调查,GDS包括情绪抑郁、活动减少、烦躁、痛苦念头和负面评价等,老年评估问卷包括年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、健康自评、残疾、失眠、运动、受教育程度、职业、家庭模式、收入、慢性疾病、吸烟、饮酒、工作时间和医疗费用,先进行单因素分析,再用多变量有序logistic回归分析抑郁症的相关因素。结果正常组、轻度抑郁组和中重度抑郁组情绪抑郁、活动减少、烦躁、痛苦念头和负面评价等GDS评分比较,差异有统计学意义[(0.62±0.04)分vs(3.11±0.91)分vs(4.35±0.32)分,(0.93±0.04)分vs(1.73±0.09)分vs(3.71±0.24)分,(0.17±0.02)分vs(0.95±0.04)分vs(3.00±0.42)分,(0.97±0.04)分vs(2.92±0.10)分vs(4.00±0.21)分,(2.04±0.05)分vs(4.40±0.15)分vs(6.65±0.32)分,P=0.000]。离婚和独居者患抑郁症比例高于其他婚姻状况者,健康自评差者患抑郁症比例高于自评良好者,残疾者抑郁症比例高于无残疾者,睡眠不规律者抑郁症比例高于规律者,从不运动者抑郁症比例高于经常运动者(P<0.05,P<0.01)。婚姻状况、失眠、健康自评、残疾和运动是患抑郁症的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论健康自评、残疾、运动、失眠和婚姻状况是成都地区的老年抑郁症相关因素。筛选社会和生活方式相关的因素是评估抑郁症的预防和干预重要战略,应在老年抑郁症患者中进行社会和环境干预。Objective To study the current situation of depression and associated factors in the elderly of Chengdu district.Methods Six hundred and fifteen elderly persons were divided into normal group(n=463),mild depression group(n=135)and moderate-severe depression group(n=17)according to their Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)score.Emotional depression,decreased activity,irritability,painful thoughts and negative evaluation of the patients were recorded by trained physicians according to their GDS score while age,education level,marital status,selfhealth assessment,disability,insomnia,exercises,occupation,family model,income,chronic diseases,smoking,alcohol drinking,working hours and medical expences of the patients were recorded by trained physicians with questionnaires.The associated factors of depression were analyzed by univariate logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis respectively.Results A significant difference was detected in GDS score of depression,decreased activity,irritability,painful thoughts and negative evaluation in 3 groups(0.62±0.04 vs 3.11±0.91 vs 4.35±0.32,0.93±0.04 vs 1.73±0.09 vs 3.71±0.24,0.17±0.02 vs 0.95±0.04 vs 3.00±0.42,0.97±0.04 vs 2.92±0.10 vs 4.00±0.21,2.04±0.05 vs 4.40±0.15 vs 6.65±0.32,P=0.000).The incidence of depression was higher in divorced and solitary persons than in other marital status persons,in disabled persons than in non-disabled persons,in irregular sleepers than in regular sleepers,and in non-exercisers than in exercisers(P<0.05,P<0.01).Marital status,insomnia,self-health assessment and exercise were the influencing factors of depression(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Self-health assessment,disability,exercise,insomnia and marital status are related with depression in the elderly of Chengdu district.It is thus the important strategy to screen social and lifestyle-related factors for the prevention and intervention of depression in the elderly.

关 键 词：抑郁 婚姻状况 入睡和睡眠障碍 健康状况 残疾人 运动活动 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]