经济全球化与中国地方政府教育支出——基于省级面板数据的实证分析  

Economic Globalization and Subnational Government Expenditure on Education in China:An Empirical Analysis of Province-Based Panel Data

作　　者：顾昕 赵琦[2] Gu Xin;Zhao Qi(School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310013;School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,杭州310013 [2]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《教育研究》2019年第10期109-123,共15页Educational Research

摘　　要：面对经济全球化的冲击,世界各地政府会做出何种应对,尤其是在社会政策领域有何应对,这是学界共同关注的一个话题。基于中国1998-2016年省级面板数据,运用空间计量模型分析发现:一是投资开放度对省域生均财政教育支出水平及增量都呈现非线性的U型关系,即先有压低后有增加之效;二是贸易开放度对生均支出水平没有显著影响,但对支出增量也呈现出U型关系。这些发现显示,就教育支出而言,既有文献中全球化引致大政府的命题在中国省级层级上获得了有条件的证实,即只有深度全球化才会引致大政府。更重要的是,本文并未确证既有文献中"补偿命题",即在全球化冲击下的大政府通过强化社会保护以补偿受损民众,而是提供了一种新的解释,即人力资本论。为了应对全球化的冲击,大政府有可能选择能够增进人力资本的政策,提升辖区的经济竞争力,而增加教育支出的财政政策正是这种应对战略的具体举措之一。Faced with the shock from economic globalization,what coping strategies governments around the world will adopt,in particular what changes in the area of social policy will occur,has become a topic of common concern in academic circles. Based on the province-based penal data between 1998 and 2016,this study makes an analysis by using spatial econometric models,and finds the following:Openness to investment shows a nonlinear,U-shaped relationship with the province-based fiscal expenditure on education per student and its increment,a type of economic growth after recession;and openness to trade has no significant effect on the expenditure on education per student,but shows a similar U-shaped relationship with its increment. These findings indicate that as far as the expenditure on education is concerned,the proposition that globalization triggers a bigger government in the exiting research literature has been conditionally verified at the subnational level in China,that is,only deepened globalization triggers a bigger government.More importantly,this study fails to verify the "theory of compensation" in the exiting research literature,that is,a bigger government under the shock of globalization is inclined to compensate aggrieved people by augmenting social protection,but it offers a new explanation,namely the human capital approach. In response to the shock from economic globalization,a bigger government is likely to choose a policy that can increase human capital so as to enhance the economic competitiveness within its jurisdiction,and the fiscal policy for increasing the expenditure on education is one of the measures to increase human capital.

关 键 词：全球化 政府教育支出 人力资本论 大政府 社会保护 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]