黑暗、温度对锥状斯氏藻暂时性孢囊形成、存活与萌发的影响  

Effects of darkness and temperature on the formation,survival and germination of temporary cysts of Scrippsiella trochoidea

作　　者：张建能 王朝晖[1,2] 郭鑫 ZHANG Jian-neng;WANG Zhao-hui;GUO Xin(Department of Ecology,College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou,510632,China;Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Jinan University,Guangzhou,510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院生态学系,广州510632 [2]水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东普通高校重点实验室(暨南大学),广州510632

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第11期3342-3348,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：科技基础资源调查专项(2018FY10020001)资助

摘　　要：锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)是一种世界性的赤潮甲藻,暂时性孢囊是甲藻为了抵御瞬时不良环境条件而形成的不动细胞,暂时性孢囊在锥状斯氏藻生活史及其赤潮发生过程中充当着重要的角色。本文研究了黑暗和温度(8、20和25℃)对锥状斯氏藻暂时性孢囊形成、存活与萌发的影响。结果表明:暂时性孢囊在黑暗处理的第1天就开始形成,在第3~5天孢囊形成率达到最高,且常温下孢囊形成高峰延迟,8、20和25℃下孢囊的最终累积形成率分别为15.9%、20.1%和9.9%;同时,暂时性孢囊不耐保存,在形成后第1天即出现死亡,第8~16天后全部死亡;暂时性孢囊在低温下存活时间较长,8、20和25℃下半存活时间分别为5.9、2.9和2.7 d;暂时性孢囊不存在强制性休眠期,全部处理组的暂时性孢囊均在培养后的24 h内开始萌发,3~6 d内达到最大累积萌发率,为43.3%~65.6%,低温下形成的孢囊萌发率较高;锥状斯氏藻极易形成暂时性孢囊,当环境条件合适时能迅速萌发,说明暂时性孢囊在锥状斯氏藻种群动态以及赤潮形成和消亡过程中具有重要作用。Scrippsiella trochoidea is a worldwide algal bloom dinoflagellate. Temporary cysts are the immobile cells,which formed by vegetative cells to withstand transient adverse environmental conditions. The temporary cyst of S. trochoidea plays an important role in the life cycle and occurrence of algal blooms. Effects of darkness on the formation,survival and germination of temporary cysts of S. trochoidea were examined under three temperatures( 8,20 and 25 ℃) in this study.Results showed that formation of temporary cysts started at the first day after darkness treatment,with the highest cyst formation rate occurring at day 3 to day 5. In addition,the peak of cyst formation delayed at higher temperatures. The final accumulative cyst formation rates were 15.9%,20.1%,and 9.9% at 8,20,and 25 ℃,respectively. Temporary cysts could not survive for a long time,whose death occurred just after one day of formation. All cysts died after 8-16 days of storage at darkness. The survival time was longer at low temperature,with the half-lethal time being 5.9,2.9 and 2.7 days at 8,20 and 25 ℃,respectively. There was no mandatory resting period for temporary cysts,with germination occurring within 24 hours after incubation. The maximum accumulative germination rates of 43.3%-65.6% were obtained at 3-6 days. The germination rate was higher for cysts formed at low temperature. Our results indicated that S. trochoidea was easy to form temporary cysts,which germinated rapidly under suitable conditions. This study highlighted the importance of temporary cysts in the population dynamics and bloom occurrence and collapse of S. trochoidea.

关 键 词：锥状斯氏藻 暂时性孢囊 形成 存活 萌发 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]