汉代岭南铁器的传播与运输方式：以墓葬随葬铁器的空间分析为视角  

Dissemination and the Mode of Transportation to Lingnan Ironware in the Han Dynasty:From the Perspective of Spatial Analysis of Buried Ironware

作　　者：林永昌[1] 张强禄 陈建立[3] Lin Yongchang;Zhang Qianglu;Chen Jianli

机构地区：[1]香港中文大学人类学系/历史系 [2]广州市文物考古研究院 [3]北京大学考古文博学院

出　　处：《南方文物》2019年第3期122-135,共14页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：香港特别行政区政府RGC-ECS资助项目#24607916(The archaeology of iron technology and the sovereignty of the Han dynasty in its southern periphery)阶段性成果

摘　　要：以往对岭南地区汉代铁器的运输方式虽有探讨,但相关的宏观讨论仍不充分。本文首先结合相关理论,介绍以墓葬出土金属制品讨论不同运输模式的方法;并以此为基础,收集岭南地区目前较为详细公布的汉墓资料,对铁器的基本类型种类与空间分布进行分析;最后对比铜镜在墓葬中的分布情况,以讨论岭南地区汉代铁器的运输方式。本文指出,铁器的随葬比例在岭南呈现西高东低的规律,说明了区域内部市场交易网络不发达的情况,对远距离的运输有较大限制,因此在越城岭-灵渠-漓水-西江路线这一交通路线中,最末端的广州区块铁器资源较为匮乏。同时,铜镜在岭南的空间分布特点虽然和广州不同,但同样显示出汉代岭南地区铜器制品的运输网络也不算完善,还没有达到高度整合的程度。由于受到当时的传输条件或古代市场较大限制,铁器和部分铜器在岭南各区块的供应不一定充足,这也制约了古代中国铁器化进程以及汉代对周边地区的开发。Even though the transportation of iron implements in the Lingnan region during the Han period has been discussed in the literature, there is no research yet that attempts to synthesize archaeological materials with theoretical frameworks in order to understand how the transportation of iron objects took place in the region. In this paper, the authors first introduce three types of transportation models based on the region distribution patterns of metal goods from burials. Based on these models, the authors collected information of published Han tombs in order to study the types of iron implements and the distribution patterns of iron objects between different burial clusters in Lingnan. In addition, this paper studies the distribution pattern of bronze mirrors in order to compare the distribution patterns of various types of metal objects. According to the statistic results, the percentages of tombs with iron objects are higher in the western cluster than its eastern counterpart in Lingnan. In other words, the distribution pattern suggests that the intraregional exchange network in Lingnan was still underdeveloped, therefore hindering the long-distance trans-portation within the region. Probably, this is also the major reason that the Guangzhou cluster, which is situated at the end of the Yuechengling-Lingqu canal-Lijiang river valley-Xijiang river valley transportation system, appears to be deprived of iron implements in the Han period. In addition, although the distribution pattern of bronze mirrors varied from those of iron implements, it reiterates the results based on the study of iron implements that the trans-portation network in the region was not fully developed and integrated. Because of the constraints by the transporta-tion technology and market network, the supply for iron and certain types of bronze implements in the region may not be sufficient, which may hinder the spread of iron technology in ancient China as well as the development of peripheries by the Han empire.

关 键 词：铁器 岭南 空间分析 

分 类 号：K[历史地理]