宏基因组学在微生物抗生素抗性基因检测中的应用  

Application of metagenomics in the detection of microbial antibiotic resistance genes

作　　者：胡海燕 刘慧敏[1,3] 孟璐 董蕾[1,3] 兰图 郑楠 程建波 王加启[1,3] HU Hai-Yan;LIU Hui-Min;MENG Lu;DONG Lei;LAN Tu;ZHENG Nan;CHENG Jian-Bo;WANG Jia-Qi(Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230000,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所农业农村部奶产品质量安全风险评估实验室(北京),北京100193 [2]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230000 [3]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2019年第11期3110-3123,共14页Microbiology China

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2018-YWF-RW-18);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS12);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-36);奶产品质量安全风险评估与营养品质评价重大专项(GJFP2018008)~~

摘　　要：抗生素广泛应用于人类和动物疾病的治疗等过程中。不合理利用和滥用抗生素导致耐药细菌、抗性基因的产生和传播。宏基因组学能够分析不同环境中抗生素抗性基因的多样性,并且完善目前已有的或构建新的宏基因组文库,从而为将来进行基因比对提供有力的参考。本文将综述宏基因组学在人类、动物和环境中微生物抗生素抗性基因检测的应用,以期为未来评估抗性基因风险和解决抗生素耐药性问题提供技术支持。Antibiotics are widely used in the treatment of human and animal diseases. Unreasonable use and abuse of antibiotics lead to the production and spread of resistant bacteria and resistance genes. Metagenomics can analyze the diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in different environments, and improve the existing or construct new metagenomic libraries, which will provide powerful references for future gene comparison. This article will review the application of metagenomics in the detection of microbial antibiotic resistance genes in human, animals and the environment, and provide technical support for future assessment of resistance gene risks and addressing antibiotic resistance.

关 键 词：宏基因组学 抗生素抗性基因 人类 动物 环境 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]