考虑车下设备的城轨车辆弹性车体垂向振动特性研究  

Vertical vibration characteristics of urban rail elastic vehicle body with under-vehicle equipment

作　　者：郭林生 文永蓬[1] 尚慧琳 宗志祥 孙倩 GUO Linsheng;WEN Yongpeng;SHANG Huilin;ZONG Zhixiang;SUN Qian(School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620 [2]上海应用技术大学机械工程学院,上海201418

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2019年第21期97-103,125,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11472176);上海市自然科学基金项目(15ZR1419200)

摘　　要：以研究城市轨道车辆弹性车体振动特性与车下设备之间的耦合振动关系为目的,利用模态叠加法原理建立了含有车下设备等效欧拉梁车体的刚柔耦合多体动力学模型。在多种不同工况下分析了城市轨道车辆弹性车体中部与转向架上方的振动响应,讨论了车体的一阶弹性模态频率对弹性共振速度的敏感性,从全车长角度分析了车体与车下设备之间的耦合振动关系,并分析了全车振动变化情况,最后对车辆平稳性进行了评价。研究结果表明:车下设备采用弹性悬挂对车体全车振动有很好的抑制作用;从抑制车体全车振动的角度,需要将设备对称安装在车体中部,对不同质量的车下设备采用弹性悬挂要有选择性;车体弹性振动受共振速度影响较大,在非共振速度下运行,能够有效降低全车的弹性共振,提高乘客的乘坐舒适性。论文工作对减少城市轨道车辆的弹性振动提高车辆舒适性和对车下设备的合理布局与悬挂有一定参考价值。In order to study relationship between vibration characteristics of urban rail elastic vehicle body and under-vehicle equipment, a rigid-flexible coupled multi-body dynamic model for the equivalent Euler beam vehicle body with under-vehicle equipment was established using the modal superposition method. Vibration responses of the vehicle body’s middle part and the upper one on the vehicle bogie were analyzed under various different operating conditions. The sensitivity of the first-order elastic modal frequency of the vehicle body to the elastic resonance velocity was discussed. Along the whole vehicle length, the coupled vibration relationship between the vehicle body and the under-vehicle equipment was analyzed. The variation of the whole vehicle’s vibration was analyzed to evaluate the stability of the vehicle at last. The results showed that elastic suspension of under-vehicle equipment can effectively suppress vibration of the entire vehicle body;from the view point of suppressing the entire vehicle body vibration, it is necessary to symmetrically install the equipment under the middle of the vehicle body, and choose different elastic suspension devices for under-vehicle equipment with different mass;the vehicle body’s elastic vibration is greatly affected by the resonance speed, vehicle operation under non-resonant speed can effectively avoid the overall vehicle elastic resonance and improve passengers’ comfort;the study results provide a reference for reducing elastic vibration of urban rail vehicles, improving passengers’ comfort, reasonably locating under-vehicle equipment and appropriately choosing its elastic suspension devise.

关 键 词：城轨车辆 弹性车体 弹性振动 车下设备 耦合振动 

分 类 号：U260.3315[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]