“内庭恭造之式”与“外造之气”释义  

The Interpretation of "Royal design" and "Folk Making"

作　　者：章宏伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院故宫学研究所

出　　处：《创意与设计》2019年第5期5-10,共6页Creation and Design

摘　　要：清代设计思想中雍正帝提出了造办活计的“内庭恭造式样”标准,并以之排斥“外造之气”来阐明其审美态度,标示的是雍正帝的审美趣味与艺术品位。“内庭恭造式样”概念已为学界接受并不断引述阐发。只是该词在清宫内务府造办处活计档中只出现过一次,本着尊重档案的原则,“内庭”不应改写为“内廷”。“内庭恭造之式”审美标准的提出有其历史背景。有学者主张“外造之气”指不合“中国道理”的“远西奇器”,以其据以立论的时代背景“礼仪之争”以及后续来看,清廷无论是部分禁教还是全面禁教,对于来华献技的西方传教士,都是一如既往地持欢迎态度,并不存在对“远西奇器”的排斥。In the design thought of Qing Dynasty,Emperor Yongzheng put forward the standard of"royal design",and used it to exclude"folk making"to clarify his aesthetic attitude,indicating the aesthetic interest and artistic taste of Emperor Yongzheng.The concept of"royal design"has been accepted by the academic circle and constantly quoted and explained.However,this word only appeared once in the"working files"of the Qing palace's internal affairs office.Based on the principle of respecting the files,"internal court"should not be rewritten as"internal palace".There is a historical background for the proposal of the aesthetic standard of"royal design".Some scholars have argued that"folk production"refers to"western design"which is not in line with"Chinese principles".Based on the background of"etiquette dispute"and the subsequent discussion,the Qing government,whether it is partial or comprehensive prohibition of religion,welcomed the western missionaries who came to China to give their skills as before,and there is no rejection of"western design".

关 键 词：内庭恭造之式 外造之气 礼仪之争 远西奇器 

分 类 号：R24[医药卫生—中医临床基础]