四论以用户为中心的设计:以人为中心的人工智能  

User-Centered Design (Ⅳ):Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：许为[1] XU Wei(Center for Psychological Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理科学研究中心

出　　处：《应用心理学》2019年第4期291-305,共15页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

摘　　要：计算技术和工程界目前提倡的以人为中心的AI(Human-Centered AI,HAI)理念缺乏对人因工效学方面的全面考虑,同时人因学科在AI研发中的学科作用还没有充分发挥出来。本文提出一个扩展的HAI概念模型,强调HAI解决方案需要综合考虑:伦理化设计、充分反映人类智能的技术、人因工效学设计。围绕人因工效学设计中的可解释和可理解的AI、有用和可用的AI等关键问题,讨论和分析了近些年相关的研究以及应用,建议人因学科近期的工作应重点考虑:智能系统中的新型人机关系,人机交互建模,相关心理学理论的应用,人机交互设计标准开发,现有人因学科方法的提升,以及AI研发的参与。The design philosophy of human-centered AI(HAI)advocated by the computing technology and engineering community lacks comprehensive consideration of human factors/ergonomics.At the same time,the role of human factors-related disciplines in the research and development of AI has not been fully utilized.The present study proposes an extended HAI conceptual model,emphasizing that the development of HAI solutions needs to comprehensively consider the ethically aligned design,technology that fully reflects human intelligence,and human factors/ergonomics design.The related research and applications in recent years have been reviewed around the explainable,comprehensible,useful and usable AI issues from the perspective of human factors/ergonomics.Future work should be focused on research of the new human-machine relationship in intelligent systems,human-computer interaction modeling,applications of related psychological theories,development of human-computer interaction design standards,enhancement of existing human factors methods,and proactive participation in AI research and development.

关 键 词：人工智能 以人为中心的人工智能 以用户为中心的设计 人因学 工程心理学 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]