Responsive Government:The Diversity and Institutional Performance of Online Political Deliberation Systems  

重访回应性政府:网络问政制度的多样性与制度绩效（英文）

作　　者：Meng Tianguang Huang Deyuan 孟天广;黄德远(Department of Political Science, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]Department of Political Science, School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University

出　　处：《Social Sciences in China》2019年第4期148-172,共25页中国社会科学（英文版）

摘　　要：Along with innovation in ICT technology and the spread of the internet,the online network,through its“technological empowerment”of citizens and governments,has driven a series of institutional changes designed to promote government responsiveness.The global spread of online political deliberation is indeed an achievement of the internetdriven construction of responsive government.In recent years,the Chinese government has vigorously promoted online political deliberation,established virtual platforms to build bridges between netizens and public power,brought internet activism into institutional channels,and implemented political absorption and online consultation.Under the influence of policy initiatives and local innovations,China has created diversified response systems that strengthen the institutionalization of online political deliberation and thereby enable this system to play an active role in improving government capacity and regulating the relationship between the state and society.At present,China has seven types of online response:the Communist Party Committee-led mode,the mixed mode,the governmentled mode and the modes led by the departments in charge of absorption,business,supervision departments,and petitioning.Empirical studies show that the diversity and degree of institutionalization of online political deliberation significantly affect institutional performance and that political authority and professionalism are important features that enable the different response systems to influence institutional performance.In short,the endogenous elements of the response system—level of institutionalization and institutional diversity—are key factors in institutional performance.伴随着ICT技术革新和互联网普及,网络借助着对公民和政府的“技术赋权”和“技术赋能”,驱动着一系列促进政府回应性的制度变革。全球范围内网络问政的普及正是网络驱动回应性政府建设的成就。近年来我国政府大力发展网络问政,建立虚拟化平台为公权力和网民搭建桥梁,将网络行动主义纳入制度化渠道,实施政治吸纳和网络协商。在政策倡议与地方创新的作用下,我国在加强网络问政制度化的同时形成了多样化回应制度,发挥着提升政府能力和调节国家社会关系的积极作用。现阶段我国存在党委主导型、混合型、政府主导型、吸纳部门主导、业务部门主导、督导部门主导、信访主导七类网络回应制度。实证研究表明,网络问政的制度化程度和多样性显著地影响着制度绩效,权威性、专业性是不同回应制度影响制度绩效的重要机制。总之,回应性制度的内生要素——制度化水平和制度多样性是制度绩效的关键影响因素。

关 键 词：responsive government online political deliberation institutionalization institutional performance 

分 类 号：F27[经济管理—企业管理]