农村低保制度“福利污名”效应研究——基于“中国家庭追踪调查”数据的分析  

Welfare Stigma Effects of China’s Rural Minimum Livelihood Guarantee: An Empirical Study Based on CFPS Data

作　　者：程中培 Cheng Zhong-pei

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《社会建设》2019年第6期62-76,共15页Social Construction

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“城市化进程中被征地农户生计重建研究：基于可持续生计分析框架”（19YJA840006）

摘　　要：理解福利污名现象的本质在于社会关系。通过构建福利污名效应分析维度发现,农村低保制度存在一定的"福利污名"效应。在控制可观测的家庭相关特征前提下,获得农村低保增加了家庭样本遭遇因贫富差距而受到不公正对待、亲戚交往联络弱化的可能性,但匹配前后农村低保家庭样本的自评家庭社会地位与非低保家庭样本相比均无显著差别。具有失业、无配偶等困难类型和人口特征的农村低保家庭更可能面临污名化后果。优化农村低保制度的方向在于重视社会救助政策的社会影响评估、改进农村低保瞄准机制、营造新型社会救助权利文化、发展社会救助服务项目,以及运用心理救助和情感救助等。The key to understanding welfare stigma is social relationship. This study finds that China’s Rural Minimum Livelihood Guarantee has a part of the welfare stigma effect. Under the premise of controlling the observable family-related characteristics, the results showed it is more likely that the recipient household heads will be treated unfairly and the interaction between family and their relatives will be weakened, but the effect of social assistance on self-assessment of social status of household is not significant. Families with unemployment and single parent difficulties are more likely to face stigmatization consequences in rural recipient households. The improvement of China’s Rural Minimum Livelihood Guarantee should attach importance to the social impact assessment of policies, adjust targeting methods and develop culture of social rights. Policy makers need to pay more attention to the psychological and emotional support of the recipient households.

关 键 词：农村低保 福利污名 社会效应 社会排斥 

分 类 号：C[社会学]