大肌肉群运动干预对孤独症儿童感觉统合功能的影响  

Impacts of the Gross Motor Exercise on Sensory Integration Function of Autistic Children

作　　者：裴晶晶[1] 袁雷[1] 李学恒 PEI Jingjing;YUAN Lei;LI Xueheng(Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;Aviation University Air Force,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,吉林长春130012 [2]中国人民解放军空军航空大学航空体育系,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2019年第6期527-532,552,共7页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目（项目编号：14YJC890020）;吉林省教育厅项目（吉教科文合字[2016]第442号）;吉林大学基本科研业务费（项目编号：2016QY050）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（项目编号：451170306081）

摘　　要：目的:基于动作发展理论和儿童感觉统合功能理论,探讨大肌肉群运动干预对孤独症儿童感觉统合功能的影响程度。方法:选取20名7岁孤独症症状为中度、感觉统合失调为重度的男童为样本,进行大肌肉群运动干预试验与分析。结果:运动干预后,样本位移运动能力和物体操控运动能力较试验前均有显著性提高(P<0.01),且位移运动与物体操控运动试验前后具有强相关关系;样本本体感觉和触觉异常能力提升较大,前庭功能次之,学习能力影响最低;位移运动与样本前庭功能(r=0.648,P<0.01)、本体感觉(r=0.687,P<0.01)和学习能力(r=0.788,P<0.01)之间具有强相关关系,与触觉异常(r=0.405,P>0.05)具有中等程度相关关系;物体操控运动与样本前庭功能(r=0.641,P<0.01)和学习能力(r=0.751,P<0.01)具有强相关关系,与本体感觉(r=0.547,P<0.05)具有中等程度相关,与触觉异常(r=0.370,P>0.1)呈弱相关关系。结论:大肌肉群运动干预能够提高孤独症儿童的动作发展水平与运动能力;大肌肉群运动与孤独症儿童感觉统合功能所包含的前庭功能、触觉感觉、本体感觉和学习能力发展均具有相关性,与触觉异常能力之间的相关关系较弱;大肌肉群运动可以作为孤独症儿童感觉统合功能训练的主要手段,教学内容设计应体现出位移运动和物体操控运动与发展感觉统合功能诸能力之间的对应性和科学性。Objectives:Based on the theory of motor development and children’s sensory integration function,the aims of this study is to investigate the impacts of gross motor development exercise on the sensory integration of autistic children. Method:Seven-year-old boys(n=20;moderately autistic;major sensory integration disorder)were selected for this experiment. Results:After the intervention,the movement and its operation ability of the Participants were significantly higher,and they were strongly correlated,too. Notably,the impacts on other skills varied greatly:the strongest impacts were observed on the body sensation and touch abnormal ability,and the moderate on the vestibule function,and the weakest on learning ability. Besides,the movement ability was found to be strongly correlated to the vestibule function(r=0.648),the proprioception(r=0.687)and the learning ability(r=0.788).Although it was moderately related to the tactile abnormality(r=0.405),this relation was statistically non-significant. Besides,the operation ability was significantly correlated to the learning ability(r=0.751),vestibule function(r=0.641),proprioception(r=0.547)and tactile abnormality(r=0.370). Conclusions:The gross motor exercise intervention can improve the movement development and its ability of autistic children. This intervention is helpful for these children’s sensory integration,including the vestibular function,tactile sensation,proprioception and learning ability. Therefore,the gross motor exercise can be used as one of the main methods of sensory integration training for autistic children,and future Programs should focus on the move and its operation skills.

关 键 词：孤独症儿童 大肌肉群运动 感觉统合功能 动作发展 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]