西北干旱区内陆河流域公众的水资源感知及节水意向——以甘肃省河西走廊地区为例  

Public perception of water resources and water-saving intention in arid inland river basins of northwestern China: a case study of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province

作　　者：王伟军[1] 赵雪雁[1] 张明军[1] 李花[1] 兰海霞 石育中 WANG Wei-jun;ZHAO Xue-yan;ZHANG Ming-jun;LI Hua;LAN Hai-xia;SHI Yu-zhong(College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2019年第11期148-157,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室开放基金“石羊河流域农户对生态退化的感知及响应策略研究”(批准号:KLEIRB-2S-16-03);国家自然科学基金项目“重点生态功能区农户的生计脆弱性研究:以甘南黄河重要水源补给区为例”(批准号:41661115);中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目“气候变化背景下祁连山冰川变化对甘肃河西走廊水资源影响评估”(批准号:2014105)

摘　　要：缺水已成为困扰干旱区农业转型发展和乡村振兴的主要障碍之一,理解公众的水资源感知、唤起公众的节水意识对缓解干旱区水资源危机和制定科学有效的节水政策至关重要。文章基于保护动机理论,构建了微观视角下公众节水行为的理论模型,利用河西走廊地区的公众调查数据,分析了公众对水资源变化及其影响的感知,并采用二元Logistic回归模型探讨了影响公众节水意向的关键因素及其交互效应。研究结果表明:①干旱区内陆河流域公众对水资源量变化的感知较为强烈,超过80%的公众已感知到水资源量有所减少,而对水资源变化影响的感知和水资源紧缺程度的感知则相对较弱。②三大流域公众的水资源感知存在差异,其中石羊河流域公众对水资源变化影响的感知显著高于疏勒河流域和黑河流域。③三大流域公众的节水意向普遍较弱,仅有约10%的公众表现出强烈的节水意向。④公众的节水意向除了受家庭年收入、文化程度、跨流域调水和水资源统一管理必要性认知等因子的影响外,还受受访者性别、年龄、家庭年收入等因子与水资源紧缺度感知、水资源变化影响感知等因子和节水政策满意度、跨流域调水必要性认知、水价政策满意度等因子间交互作用的显著影响。鉴于此,本文提出通过加大节水、用水政策宣传力度,普及水资源及生态环境变化相关知识,积极推广农业节水灌溉技术,提高政府公信力和执行力,继续实行阶梯式水价政策,科学分配和合理规划内陆河上、中、下游水资源配额及"三生"用水比例等措施来激发公众节水意向,从而实现当地水资源可持续利用。Water shortage has become one of the major obstacles to perplex the agricultural transformation and rural revitalization in arid regions. Understanding the public perception of water resources change and arousing public awareness of water conservation are critical to alleviating the water crisis and developing scientific water conservation policies in arid regions. Based on the protection motivation theory,this paper constructs a theoretical model of public water-saving behavior from a micro-perspective,and using survey data from the Hexi Corridor to analyze the public perception of water resources change and its influence. Meanwhile,the binary logistic regression model was used to explore the key factors affecting the public water-saving intention and their interaction effects. The results show that: ①In arid inland river basins,the public have stronger perception of water resources change,more than 80% of the public have perceived a decrease in water resources,while their perception of the impact of water resources change and the degree of water resources shortage is relatively weak. ② There are differences in public perception of water resources among the three major river basins. The public perception of the impact of water resources change in the Shiyang River Basin is significantly higher than the Shule River Basin and the Heihe River Basin. ③The public water-saving intention in arid inland river basins is generally weak,and only about 10% of the public show a strong water-saving intention. ④The public’s water-saving intention in arid inland river basins is not only affected by their educational level,annual household income,and the cognition of the necessity for inter-basin water transfer and uniform water resources management policies,but also significantly influenced by the interaction between demographic characteristics,water resources perception and water-saving policies. Therefore,this paper proposes the following measures to stimulate public watersaving intention,such as enlarging the propa

关 键 词：公众 水资源感知 节水意向 交互效应 河西走廊 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]