裹包青贮苜蓿替代苜蓿干草对奶牛生产性能和瘤胃发酵参数的影响  

Effects of Alfalfa Silage Replacing Alfalfa Hay on Performance and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Dairy Cows

作　　者：范金星 毛胜勇 何开兵[3] 潘晓亮 王新峰[1] 张伶俐[4] FAN Jin-xing;MAO Sheng-yong;HE Kai-bin;PAN Xiao-liang;WANG Xin-feng;ZHANG Ling-li(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000;Shihezi Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,Eighth Division,Xinjiang Corps,Shihezi 832000;Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041;College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,石河子832000 [2]南京农业大学动物科技学院,南京210095 [3]新疆兵团第八师石河子市畜牧兽医工作站,石河子832000 [4]汕头大学医学院,汕头515041

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2019年第10期19-24,共6页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360558);农业农村部“农业技术试验示范与服务支持项目”(131821301064072041)

摘　　要：选取产奶量、胎次及产奶天数相近的中产奶牛20头,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组10头。其中对照组饲喂全混合日粮,试验组在对照组日粮的基础上使用裹包青贮苜蓿替代50%等量干物质的苜蓿干草,试验期共40d,其中预试期10d,正试期30d。试验期间测定奶牛的干物质采食量、产奶量、乳品质及瘤胃发酵参数。结果显示:裹包青贮苜蓿替代苜蓿干草能显著提高奶牛的干物质采食量,与对照组相比,试验组30d内平均干物质采食量提高了8.2%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组产奶量与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组与对照组乳脂率和乳蛋白率差异显著(P<0.05),分别提高了7.2%和9.3%,其他指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同的日粮模式下,试验组瘤胃pH值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);MCP含量低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);乳酸和NH3-N浓度均高于对照组,差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,日粮中使用裹包青贮苜蓿替代一部分苜蓿干草能够显著提高奶牛干物质采食量和乳品质,同时还能改善瘤胃的发酵环境。The feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of wrapped silage alfalfa replace 50%alfalfa hay(DM)on milk production performance,rumen fermentation parameters of dairy cow.Twenty middle-aged dairy cows with similar milk yield,parity and milk-producing days were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 10 cows in each group.The control group was fed a full mixed diet.The test group used the alfalfa silage to replace the 50%equivalent dry matter of alfalfa hay on the basis of the control group.The test period was 40 days,which the pre-feeding period was 10 days and the feeding period was 30 days.The dry matter intake,milk yield,milk quality index and rumen fermentation parameters of the cows were determined during the test.The results showed that the inclusion of alfalfa silage instead of alfalfa hay could significantly increase the dry matter intake of dairy cows.Compared with the control group,the average dry matter intake in the experimental group increased by 8.2%within 30 days(P<0.05).There was no significant difference of milk production between the experimental group and the control group within 30 days(P>0.05).The milk fat percentage and milk protein of the experimental group and the control group were significantly different(P<0.05),which increased by 7.2%and 9.3%,respectively.Other parameters of milk were no significant(P>0.05).The pH values of the test group and the control group were within the normal range in the two different diet modes,but the rumen pH of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The MCP of the trial group was slightly lower than the control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The Lactic acid and NH3-N concentrations were higher than the control group,the difference was not significant(P>0.05).In summary,the use of alfalfa silage in dairy cow diets can significantly improve the dry matter intake and milk quality of dairy cows.Alfalfa silage can improve the fermentation environment o

关 键 词：奶牛 裹包青贮苜蓿 生产性能 瘤胃发酵参数 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]