不同采收期对突尼斯软籽石榴采后贮藏品质的影响  

Effects of Harvest Periods on the Storability of Tunisia Soft-seeded Pomegranate

作　　者：胡青霞[1] 冯梦晨 司晓丽[1,3] 周鹏 陈延惠 刘真真[1] 胡悦 HU Qingxia;FENG Mengchen;SI Xiaoli;ZHOU Peng;CHEN Yanhui;LIU Zhenzhen;HU Yue(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Qixian Experimental High School,Qixian 456750,China;New Oriental Education&Technology Group,Hangzhou 310000,China;School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhengzhou 451450,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,河南郑州450002 [2]淇县实验中学,河南淇县456750 [3]新东方教育科技集团,江苏杭州310000 [4]河南农业职业学院园艺园林学院,河南郑州451450

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2019年第12期140-145,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关计划项目(132102110041);郑州市农委农业科技创新项目(30601572)

摘　　要：以河南荥阳主栽石榴品种突尼斯软籽为试材,研究商业采收期果实和比其早8d的采收果实置于(4±1)℃下贮藏其品质相关指标的变化。结果表明,早采8 d的果实能维持最佳感官品质60 d,而商业采收期的为30d。贮藏过程中,可溶性固形物(SSC)及可滴定酸(TA)含量均呈下降趋势;早采8 d的果实TA含量在贮藏的前30d下降较为平缓,风味保持得更好。籽粒花色苷含量在贮藏60d之后均急剧上升,同时籽粒色泽发生劣变;早采8 d的果实籽粒花色苷含量普遍较低。果皮相对电导率在贮藏初期呈现下降和平稳变化,在果实外观表现为较佳状态,而连续或振荡上升则表现为果皮色泽的劣变;籽粒相对电导率也呈现和果皮相似的变化。早采8d的果实籽粒电导率下降持续的时间为45d,比商业化采收果实的长15d。因此,用于贮藏的突尼斯软籽石榴适当早采可延长其贮藏寿命,延缓其品质的劣变。Tunisia soft-seeded pomegranate were harvested at two periods:commercial maturity and maturity 8 d earlier than commercial maturity,then stored at(4±1)℃.Its quality indexes were determined to study the effects of the different harvest periods on postharvest quality,and to provide appropriate harvest period for fruits to storage.The results showed that the fruits harvested at appropriate earlier time could maintain the best quality for 60 d,while for the fruits harvested at commercial maturity,only 30 d.During storage,SSC and TA contents decreased all.Relatively,TA content of the earlier harvested fruits decreased slower during the beginning storage,so the flavor was more preferable.After 60 d’s storage,anthocyanin content rose sharply in both maturity fruits,at the same time the color and the gloss became deterioration.For appropriate earlier harvested fruits,the anthocyanin content was lower.When the EC of pomegranate peel decreased or presented stable,fruit appearance showed better,but when the EC rose persistently or wavelike,showed husk scald.So did the EC of the aril,and for the earlier harvested fruits,the decreased time lasted for 45 d,15 d longer than that of commercial fruits.So,pomegranate used to storage may harvest earlier to prolong the storage life,and to delay the deterioration of the quality.

关 键 词：石榴 突尼斯软籽 采收成熟度 贮藏品质 

分 类 号：S665.4[农业科学—果树学]