从社会公正看最低生活保障制度一体化  

Seeing the Integration of Minimum Living Security System from Social Justice

作　　者：严华勇 吴新颖[2] YAN Hua-yong;WU Xin-xing(Dept.of Basic Courses,Hunan Food and Drug Vocational College,Changsha 410208,China;School of Marxism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南食品药品职业学院基础课部,湖南长沙410208 [2]湖南师范大学马克思主义学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期39-47,共9页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“社会结构转型中少数民族农村社区治理研究”(18BSH078)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：最低生活保障制度是促进社会公正的一项社会救助制度安排。它是保障弱势群体基本生存权的"最后一道防线"、提升弱势群体自我发展能力的"助力器"以及带领弱势群体一道进入小康社会的"推进器"。目前,我国城乡分轨的最低生活保障制度在分别促进城市与农村内部公正性的同时,也逐渐暴露出城乡之间的不公正性矛盾,这就必然要求城乡最低生活保障制度要走向一体化。但是,囿于我国城乡二元结构分割,城乡最低生活保障制度一体化面临诸多实践困境,其主要原因是立法层级差异、管理制度差异、低保对象的待遇水平差异以及低保资金的筹资方式差异。城乡最低生活保障制度一体化要走出实践困境,就必须坚持以制度整合为抓手,促进城乡低保统筹发展;以规范化管理为手段,促进城乡低保科学发展;以"求同存异"为导向,促进城乡低保平等发展;以实现低保资金来源的多样化为支点,支撑城乡低保健康发展。The minimum living security system is a social assistance system arrangement that promotes social justice. It is the "last line of defense" to protect the basic survival rights of vulnerable groups, the "booster" to enhance the self-development ability of vulnerable groups, and the "propeller" that leads the vulnerable groups to enter the well-off society. At present, the minimum living security system of urban and rural areas in China promotes the fairness of urban and rural areas, and gradually exposes the injustice between urban and rural areas. This inevitably requires the urban and rural minimum living security system to be integrated. However, due to the division of urban and rural dual structure in China, the integration of urban and rural minimum living security system faces many practical dilemmas. The main reasons are the difference in legislative hierarchy, the difference in management system, the difference in the level of treatment for the minimum living allowance, and the difference in financing methods for the minimum living security fund. In order to get out of the practical dilemma, the integration of urban and rural minimum living security system must adhere to institutional integration as a starting point to promote the development of urban and rural subsistence allowances;to promote the development of urban and rural subsistence allowances by means of standardized management;Guided by "seeking common ground while reserving differences", promoting the equal development of urban and rural low-income;Supporting the diversification of sources of subsistence allowances as a fulcrum to support the healthy development of urban and rural subsistence allowances.

关 键 词：社会公正 最低生活保障制度 城乡一体化 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]