纯电动客车复合储能系统功率分配控制策略研究  

Research on Power Allocation Control Strategy For Compound Electric Energy Storage System of Pure Electric Bus

作　　者：周美兰[1] 冯继峰 张宇[1] 杨明亮 吴晓刚[1,2] Zhou Meilan;Feng Jifeng;Zhang Yu;Yang Mingliang;Wu Xiaogang(College of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology ,Harbin 150080 China;State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2019年第23期5001-5013,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51877057);国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0105403)资助项目

摘　　要：针对复合储能系统中电池承担功率过高的问题,分别制定了逻辑门限控制和模糊控制两种功率分配控制策略。对锂电池单体进行不同倍率充放电和自放电实验,对超级电容进行恒流充放电和恒功率放电实验,基于所得实验数据采用最小二乘法进行参数辨识得到复合储能系统模型参数。在Matlab-Cruise联合仿真的环境下搭建整车模型,进而创建动态链接库,实现控制策略实时仿真。给出了锂电池单独供电、采用逻辑门限控制策略和采用模糊控制策略时的功率变化曲线、锂电池荷电状态(SOC)变化曲线以及储能系统的能量流图,并进行对比分析。仿真实验结果表明,相对于逻辑门限控制策略,采用模糊控制策略时,在中国城市道路工况中锂电池SOC提高0.162%,节省电能0.4301kW·h。为验证所提策略的有效性,搭建了复合储能客车驱动系统实验台架。仿真和实验结果表明,所提出的复合储能系统模糊控制策略能够降低锂电池电流,有效回收制动能量。Given the excessive battery power in the composite energy storage system, two power allocation control strategies were developed, namely, the logic threshold control strategy and fuzzy control strategy. Lithium battery cells were subject to different rates of charge and discharge and selfdischarge experiments. In the study, a super capacitor was subjected to constant current charge and discharge and constant power discharge experiments. Based on the experimental data, the least squares method was used for parameter identification. The model parameters of the composite energy storage system were obtained. The vehicle model was constructed based on the Matlab-Cruise, and the dynamic link library was then created to realize real-time simulation of control strategies. The power curves, SOC curves of the lithium battery, and energy flow diagrams of the energy storage system were given when the lithium battery operated by itself, when the threshold control strategy was adopted, and when the fuzzy control strategy was adopted, and the contrast analysis was subsequently performed. The simulation results show that compared with the logic threshold control strategy, the fuzzy control strategy improves SOC of lithium battery by 0.162%, and the energy saving is 0.430 1 kW·h in the urban road conditions in China. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the test bench of the composite energy storage bus driving system was built. The simulation and experimental results show that proposed the fuzzy control strategy of composite energy storage system can reduce the current of lithium battery and recover braking energy effectively.

关 键 词：纯电动客车 复合储能 模型构建 功率分配 控制策略 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]