井震资料在储层预测中存在的几个主要问题及处理方法  

Several Main Problems and Processing Methods in the Reservoir Prediction of Reservoir Data

作　　者：马玉亮[1,2] 郑欢 谢锐杰[1] 董德胜[3] 许德禹 MA Yu-liang;ZHENG Huan;XIE Rui-jie;DONG De-sheng;XU De-yu(School of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Project Management Department of Western Oilfield,Liaohe Oilfield Branch,PetroChina,Panjin 124000,China;Exploration and Development Research,Liaohe Oilfield Branch,PetroChina,Panjin 124000,China;School of Earth Sciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,武汉430100 [2]中国石油辽河油田分公司西部油田项目管理部 [3]中国石油辽河油田分公司勘探开发研究院,盘锦124000 [4]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2019年第33期132-138,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05002)资助

摘　　要：地震储层预测技术是油藏描述中主要的技术手段,地震资料和井资料是储层预测的基础。以辽河滩海地区储层预测为例,在预测的过程中对存在的问题及应对的方法进行归纳总结。①滩海中东区中深层地震资料分辨率不高,其强波阻抗是砂泥多层叠合的综合反映;通过对研究区的砂泥岩互层模型进行正、反演模拟分析,得出波阻抗对薄砂层的识别能力较差的结论,而基于高分辨的地质统计反演技术能够有效地预测薄砂层;②仙鹤地区砂砾岩体预测过程中,以地震反射特征与岩性组合特征对比分析为基础,钻前预测与钻后正演模型对比验证,结果说明该区地震资料保幅性差,运用有井约束反演技术能够减少保幅性对预测的影响;③滩海东部地区存在相似的地震反射特征,却代表不同岩性组合,具有不同地质含义,利用地震反射特征进行储层预测时具有多解性;为了降低预测的多解性,可通过井震结合,明确不同区域反射特征的地质含义;④在滩海无井或少井区的储层预测时,可选择测井约束不高的反演技术,在低频信息补偿时,运用速度谱资料,可提高预测的可靠性。Seismic reservoir prediction technology is the main technical means in reservoir description.Seismic data and well data are the basis for reservoir prediction.Taking the reservoir prediction in the Liaohe beach area as an example,the existing problems and the methods of coping in the process of prediction was summarized.①The resolution of the middle and deep seismic data in the middle east of the beach is not high,and its strong wave impedance is a comprehensive reflection of the multi-layered sand.Through the forward and inversion simulation analysis of the sand-shale interbed model in the study area,the conclusion that the wave impedance has poor recognition ability for the thin sand layer was obtained,and the high-resolution geostatistical inversion technique can effectively predict the thin sand floor.②In the prediction process of glutenite body in Xianhe area,based on the comparative analysis of seismic reflection characteristics and lithology combination characteristics,the pre-drilling prediction and the post-drilling forward model are compared and verified.The results show that the seismic data of this area is poorly preserved.Well constrained inversion techniques can reduce the impact of marginality on prediction.③There are similar seismic emission characteristics in the eastern part of the beach,but they represent different lithological combinations and have different geological meanings.The use of seismic reflection characteristics for reservoir prediction has multiple solutions.In order to reduce the multi-solution of prediction,the geological meaning of emission characteristics of different regions can be clarified through the combination of well and earthquake.④In the reservoir prediction of no-well or low-well area in Tanhai,the inversion technique with low logging constraint can be selected.When the low-frequency information is compensated,the velocity spectrum data can be used to improve the reliability of prediction.

关 键 词：储层预测 分辨率 保幅性 反射特征 反演技术 

分 类 号：TE121.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]