浙江省长兴县一起误食毒蘑菇中毒事件调查  

Investigation on poisoning by mistaken eating of poisonous mushroom in Changxing Country, Zhejiang Province

作　　者：宿瑶瑶 陈彬 许辉[1] 施长苗[1] 罗康 SU Yaoyao;CHEN Bin;XU Hui;SHI Changmiao;LUO Kang(Changxing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang Huzhou 313100,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangdong Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]长兴县疾病预防控制中心,浙江湖州313100 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2019年第5期493-497,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目(2017B020205002)

摘　　要：目的调查分析浙江省长兴县一起毒蘑菇中毒事件中毒蘑菇的种类,分析事件发生原因,总结调查处置经验,为中毒患者的救治和中毒的预防提供借鉴。方法对中毒事件开展现场流行病学调查,对毒蘑菇样品进行形态学鉴定和分子系统学鉴定。结果本次毒蘑菇中毒事件共发病3人,其中1例重症,2例轻症,罹患率为100%,主要临床表现为恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状,其中1例经短暂"假愈期"后出现严重横纹肌溶解中毒症状,血清肌酸激酶(CK)最高达318 200 U/L。毒蘑菇样品经形态学及分子系统学鉴定为亚稀褶红菇。结论本次事件是一起因误食亚稀褶红菇引起的毒蘑菇中毒事件。加强宣传教育,提升民众防范意识,提高医疗机构的诊断救治能力是预防毒蘑菇中毒的关键。Objective To investigate the wild mushroom species causing a food poisoning in Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, analyze the causes of the incident and summarize the experience of investigation,purposed to provide references for prevention and proper treatment. Methods The epidemiological investigation, morphological identification and phylogenetic identification were used to analyze the poisoning event. Results Epidemiological investigation found that three patients were poisoned due to mushrooms picked by themselves, among which 1 case was severe and 2 cases were mild, and the attack rate was 100%. The main clinical manifestations were nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. One patient developed severe rhabdomyolysis poisoning after a short pseudo-recovery period. The highest level of serum creatine kinase(CK) was 318 200 U/L. The mushroom samples were identified as Russula subnigricans by morphological identification and phylogenetic identification. Conclusion This incident was a case of mushroom poisoning caused by accidental ingestion of Russula subnigricans. The key to prevent poisonous mushroom poisoning is to carry out publicity and education, enhance people’s awareness of prevention and improve the ability of medical institutions to diagnose and treat poisonous mushrooms.

关 键 词：毒蘑菇 亚稀褶红菇 分子系统学鉴定 食物中毒 现场流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]