线粒体损伤在宰后牛肉嫩化中的作用  

The role of mitochondrial damage during the postmortem tenderization of beef muscle

作　　者：魏起超 张春江[1,2,3] 黄峰 张泓[1,2,3] WEI Qichao;ZHANG Chunjiang;HUANG Feng;ZHANG Hong(」nstitute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing,Beijing 100193;Hefei CAAS Nutridoer Nutrition and Health Co.,Ltd.,Academy of Food Nutrition and Health Innovation,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 238000;College of Staple Food Technology,Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 151900)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,农业部农产品加工重点实验室,北京100193 [2]合肥中农科泓智营养健康有限公司,中国农业科学院合肥食品营养与健康创新研究院,合肥238000 [3]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所主食加工技术研究院,哈尔滨151900

出　　处：《食品科技》2019年第10期116-121,共6页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571858);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(S2016JC03)

摘　　要：动物被放血后,肌细胞在氧化应激条件下发生凋亡,并伴随着内源酶激活。细胞凋亡酶和钙激活酶被认为是改善宰后嫩度的2种关键内源酶,但关于其激活路径、相互作用,及其受能量代谢、pH影响等方面研究还有待深入。线粒体作为细胞氧化应激损伤的靶器官,在宰后骨骼肌细胞中首先发生变化,是细胞凋亡酶的关键激活路径,对宰后肌肉嫩化可能发挥重要作用。文章介绍了线粒体的主要结构特点和功能特性,分析了宰后骨骼肌细胞中线粒体发生的主要损伤变化,综述了线粒体损伤变化与宰后嫩度变化之间的相关性,重点探讨了线粒体损伤对宰后骨骼肌细胞氧化应激、细胞凋亡酶激活及能量代谢和p H变化的影响调控。Under oxidative stress conditions after animal bleeding, muscle cells soon through apoptosis, accompanied with the activation of endogenous enzymes. Apoptotic enzyme and calpains are considered to be two major players during the postmortem tenderization of beef muscle. However, the researches on the activity pathway, interaction, and the influences by energy metabolism and pH values need to be further studied. Mitochondria, as the first target organelle affected by oxidative stress, is the main pathway of apoptotic enzyme activation and possibly involves in postmortem tenderization. In the paper, structural and functional characteristics of mitochondria was introduced;Changes of mitochondrial damage in postmortem skeletal muscles was analyzed;Correlation between mitochondrial damage and postmortem tenderness was briefly described;In the last, the possibilities of influence of mitochondrial damage on oxidative stress, apoptotic enzyme activation, and its regulation by energy metabolism and pH values were discussed in the review.

关 键 词：线粒体损伤 细胞凋亡 氧化应激 嫩化 能量代谢 

分 类 号：TS251.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]