研发企业内外部学习对组织创新的权变影响  

The contingency influence of internal, external learning on organizational innovation

作　　者：李树文 罗瑾琏[1] 梁阜[2] LI Shu-wen;LUO Jin-lian;LIANG Fu(School of Economics and management,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;School of Business Administration,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海201804 [2]山东财经大学工商管理学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《科学学研究》2019年第11期2092-2101,共10页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71772138,71472137);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017MG003)

摘　　要：组织内部学习与外部学习作为组织创新的重要知识资源,其在组织创新资源转化进程中发挥着重要协同效应。基于组织创新绩效指标的分解和内外部学习行为的对比分析,本文根据组织内外部学习的高低程度划分为两种状态和四种情境,并运用响应面分析、多样本比较等方法揭示组织内外部学习对产品创新绩效、流程创新绩效的微观权变影响机制。研究结果表明:(1)内部学习与外部学习对产品创新绩效、流程创新绩效均具有正向促进效应,但过度内部学习可以缓减产品创新绩效的增加速率。(2)在高内部-高外部组织学习情境下,组织产品创新绩效与流程创新绩效最高;但在低内部-高外部组织学习情境下,组织产品创新绩效最低;在高内部-低外部组织学习情境下,组织流程创新绩效最低。(3)组织内外部学习平衡对产品创新绩效具有倒U型影响,对流程创新绩效具有正向影响,但过度平衡组织内外部学习可以缓减流程创新绩效的增加速率。(4)当组织内部学习弱于外部学习时,企业强化内部学习会抑制产品创新绩效,但会促进流程创新绩效;当组织外部学习弱于内部学习时,企业强化外部学习会促进产品创新绩效,但会抑制流程创新绩效。本文明确了组织内外部学习如何匹配能为组织带来更佳乃至最佳的创新平衡位置,揭示了组织内外部学习强弱对比情境下的组织创新提升策略。As vital knowledge resource of organizational innovation, internal and external learning play an important synergistic role in the process of organizational innovation resources transformation. Based on the categorization of the organizational innovation performance and on the analysis of the comparison between the effect of internal and external learning, and it can be divided into two states and four situations according to the different levels of internal and external learning. Meanwhile, this paper utilizes response surface analysis to reveal micro contingency mechanism between internal, external learning, product and process innovation. The results indicate that: ①both internal and external learning have significant positive effects on organizational product and process innovation, but excessive internal learning can slow down the rate of increase in product innovation performance. ②internal and external learning have a joint effect on innovation performance. In other words, the product and process innovation performance are higher when internal learning and external learning are at high levels. However, the product innovation performance is lower when internal learning is at low level and external learning is at high level;the process innovation performance is lower when internal learning is at high level and external learning is at low level. ③balancing learning has inverted U-shape effect on product innovation, and has significant positive effect on process innovation;but excessive balancing learning can slow down the rate of increase in process innovation performance. ④when internal learning is weaker than external learning, organization can decrease product innovation performance and increase process innovation performance by enhancing internal learning;when external learning is weaker than internal learning, organization can increase product innovation performance and decrease process innovation performance by enhancing external learning. This study makes clear the position of the balance zones

关 键 词：内部学习 外部学习 平衡式学习 产品创新绩效 流程创新绩效 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]