清代汉语之新生介词  

On New Prepositions in Chinese of the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：郭家翔[1] GUO Jia-xiang(School of Humanities,Hubei University of Education,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北第二师范学院文学院

出　　处：《湖北第二师范学院学报》2019年第11期1-6,共6页Journal of Hubei University of Education

基　　金：湖北省教育厅人文社科项目“清代以来汉语新生介词研究”(15G120)

摘　　要：清代汉语新生介词,共计九个,分别为"叫、让、对于、按照、关于、搁、较诸、走、扯"。从通行范围来看,有共同语通用的,如"叫、让、对于、按照、关于",也有带有地域方言色彩的,如"扯"。双音节介词从组合方式来看,有两个同义介语素同义复合的,如"按照";也有"动+介"短语先词汇化为动词,再整体介词化的,如"对于、关于、较诸"。有遵循语法化一般原则的,如"叫、让",也有超常规演变的,如"搁、扯"。超常规演变背后的动因一是来自于当时的社会环境,二是来自于语言使用者的语用推理。In the Qing dynasty, there were nine new prepositions in Chinese, which were jiao(叫), rang(让), duiyu(对于), anzhao(按照), guanyu(关于), ge(搁), jiaozhu(较诸), zou(走), che(扯). From the perspective of usage, some of them were commonly used such as jiao(叫), rang(让), duiyu(对于), guanyu(关于), and some of them were limited to regional dialects such as che(扯). In terms of the combination of two-syllable prepositions, there are two synonyms, such as anzhao(按照). Some phrases, such as duiyu(对于), guanyu(关于) and jiaozhu(较诸), were first lexicalized as verbs and then prepositions as a whole. Some followed the general principles of grammaticalization, such as jiao(叫), rang(让), while others changed without following conventional rules, such as ge(搁), che(扯). The reasons behind such evolutions were the social environment and the pragmatic reasoning of the language users.

关 键 词：清代 介词 新生 

分 类 号：H109.3[语言文字—汉语]