3岁及以上学龄前儿童体格生长评价及身高促进指导方法研究  

Study the evaluation of physical growth and the guidance method of height promotion for preschool children aged 3 and above

作　　者：梁小红 谭迪 LIANG Xiao-hong;TAN Di(Department of Child Healthcare,Guangzhou Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510800,China;Department of Child Healthcare,Guangzhou Huadu District Stair Hospital,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510870,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市花都区妇幼保健院儿童保健科,广东广州510800 [2]广州市花都区梯面卫生院儿童保健科,广东广州510870

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2019年第34期103-106,共4页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析3岁及以上学龄前儿童的体格生长情况,探讨促进儿童身高增长的有效指导方法。方法选取2018年1~5月在花都区妇幼保健院与花都区梯面卫生院行健康体检的120例3岁及以上学龄前儿童作为研究对象,对儿童进行体格检查。比较不同年龄段儿童的体重、身高;采用Z评分法对儿童的营养状况进行评价;比较不同年龄、不同性别儿童的营养状况。结果不同年龄段儿童的体重、身高比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着儿童年龄的增长,体重、身高逐渐增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童的体重、身高与年龄成正比(r=0.814、0.839,P<0.05)。不同年龄段儿童的超重、肥胖、低体重、消瘦、生长迟缓等发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同性别儿童超重、肥胖、低体重、消瘦、生长迟缓的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论3岁及以上学龄前儿童的营养状况整体较好,少数儿童有营养过剩、营养不良等问题,临床需加强儿童饮食控制和运动锻炼指导,以养成良好的生活习惯。Objective To investigate and analyze the physical growth of 3-year-old and above preschool children,and to explore the effective guidance methods to promote the growth of childrens′height.Methods A total of 120 pre-school children aged 3 years and above who underwent physical examination in Huadu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Huadu District Stair Hospital from January to May 2018 were selected as the research objects,children were carried out physical examination.The weight and height of children of different ages were compared.Z-score method was used to evaluate the nutritional status of children.The nutritional status of children of different ages and genders were compared.Results There were significant differences in weight and height of children of different ages(P<0.05).With the growth of childrens′age,weight and height increased gradually,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Childrens′weight and height were directly proportional to their age(r=0.814,0.839,P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of overweight,obesity,low weight,emaciation and growth retardation among children of different ages(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of overweight,obesity,low weight,emaciation and growth retardation among children of different genders(P>0.05).Conclusion The nutritional status of preschool children aged 3 and above is generally good.A few children have problems such as over nutrition and malnutrition.In order to form good living habits,it is necessary to strengthen children's diet control and exercise guidance.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 体格检查 生长发育 Z评分法 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]