职业倦怠与儿科护士心理健康关系及社会支持的中介作用  

Relationship between job burnout and mental health of nurses and mediating effect of social support

作　　者：黄林娟 李秋兰 林芳 郑晶 黄婷[1] 陈玲 林敏 HUANG Linjuan;LI Qiulan;LIN Fang;ZHENG Jing;HUANG Ting;CHEN Ling;LIN Min(Department of Children's Health Care,Fuzhou Children's Hospital,Teaching Hospital of FujianMedical University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350004,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学教学医院福建省福州儿童医院儿童保健科,福州350004 [2]福州大学人文社会学院应用心理系

出　　处：《福建医药杂志》2019年第6期150-153,共4页Fujian Medical Journal

基　　金：福州市科技局社会发展项目(2014-S-141-3)

摘　　要：目的探索儿科护士的职业倦怠、社会支持与心理健康之间的关系。方法采用症状自评量表、职业倦怠表和社会支持评定量表对福州地区13家医院359名儿科护士进行调查。结果儿科护士在SCL-90所有项目上的得分均高于全国常模各因子分(P<0.01),社会支持各维度得分均低于全国常模(P<0.001)。二级综合医院儿科护士的心理健康状况最差(P<0.01)。30~39岁有夜班的二级综合医院儿科护士更容易产生情绪衰竭和缺乏人情味(P<0.01),40~49岁、已婚、高学历儿科护士的个人成就感最低(P<0.01)。20~29岁年龄段、未婚、有夜班的儿科护士拥有较少的社会支持(P<0.05)。社会支持在职业倦怠对心理健康的影响中起到显著的部分中介作用(中介效应为2.24%~22.94%)。结论儿科护士的心理健康水平较差,职业倦怠影响心理健康,社会支持系统是重要中介因素。Objective To investigate the status of mental health of pediatric nurses and explore the relationship among their job burnout,social support,and mental health.Methods Using stratified random sampling,359 pediatric nurses working at 13 hospitals were assessed using the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey(MBI-HSS),the Symptom Check-List 90(SCL-90),and Social Support Revalued Scale(SSRS).Results Significant differences(P<0.01)were found in all mean mental symptoms scores and social support scores between the pediatric nurses'group and that of the norm.The mental health status of pediatric nurses in second-class general hospitals were the worst.Pediatric nurses who were aged from 30 to 39 or had to go on night shift or worked in second-class general hospitals were more vulnerable to emotional exhaustion(P<0.01),while those who were aged from 40 to 49 or married or highly educated were less likely to feel a sense of accomplishment(P<0.01).Pediatric nurses who were aged from 20 to 29 or unmarried or had to go on night shift got less social support(P<0.05).Also,the partially mediating effects were found by taking job burnout scores as the independent variable,total mental symptom scores as the dependent variable,social support scores as the mediated variable(with mediating effect between 2.24%and 22.94%).Conclusion Certain relationships were found among pediatric nurses?job burnout,social support and mental health.Alleviating or eliminating the job burnout by setting up a social support system can effectively improve pediatric nurses'mental health.

关 键 词：儿科护士 心理健康 职业倦怠 社会支持 中介效应 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]