脱卤球菌纲(Dehalococcodia Class)在有机卤化物生物地球化学循环中的作用  

Roles of Dehalococcodia Class in the biogeochemical cycle of organohalides

作　　者：杨毅 张耀之 李秀颖[1] 曾祥峰[1] 宋玉芳[1] 严俊 YANG Yi;ZHANG Yaozhi;LI Xiuying;ZENG Xiangfeng;SONG Yufang;YAN Jun(Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2019年第10期3207-3214,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：辽宁省‘兴辽英才计划’项目(No.XLYC1807139);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.41673126)

摘　　要：脱卤球菌(Dehalococcoidia,Dia)纲是绿弯菌门下属八大纲之一.迄今为止,脱卤球菌纲中包含3个能进行严格厌氧有机卤化物呼吸的菌属:脱卤拟球菌(Dehalococcoides,Dhc)、脱卤单胞菌(Dehalogenimonas,Dhgm)及尚未正式命名的Candidatus"Dehalobium".当前关于脱卤拟球菌和脱卤单胞菌生理学、生物化学和生态学方面的研究,主要集中在从有机氯污染场地中富集或者分离出来的菌株方面.而越来越多的研究证据表明,能进行有机卤化物呼吸的脱卤球菌纲微生物不仅仅只存在于污染物产地,在各种环境(如海洋、淡水、陆地)中也能经常被检测和鉴定到.但脱卤球菌纲微生物在自然界生态系统中起到的重要作用尚未被完全揭示.本文旨在介绍和讨论被低估且未被充分研究的脱卤球菌纲微生物的生理生态特征及其潜在的生态学功能,从而引起研究人员更广泛的关注,鼓励跨学科研究来揭示这一类特殊微生物在有机卤化物生物地球化学循环中的重要作用.Dehalococcoidia(Dia)class is one of the eight classes within Chloroflexi phylum.To-date,only three strictly organohalide-respiring genera,Dehalococcoides(Dhc),Dehalogenimonas(Dhgm),and Candidatus"Dehalobium"of Dia have been identified and characterized.Most of our current understanding regarding the physiology,biochemistry and ecology of Dhc and Dhgm are based on studies of enrichment cultures or isolates derived from sites contaminated with chlorinated organics.Accumulating evidences from various culture-dependent and-independent studies have demonstrated that microorganisms belonging to the Dia class were frequently present in various pristine environments(e.g.,marine,fresh water,terrestrial).These findings suggest Dia plays an essential ecological role in the natural environment,which is still not completely elucidated.This article is intended to bring the under-estimated and under-studied ecological roles of Dia to the attention of a broader scientific community and encourage more thorough interdisciplinary studies on this specialized bacterial class and its essential role involved in the halogen biogeochemical cycling.

关 键 词：脱卤球菌 厌氧微生物生态 生物地球化学循环 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]