河流排污混合区横向扩散系数快速估算方法  

Method for Estimating Transverse Diffusion Coefficient by Rapid Observation in Mixing Zone of Sewage Discharges into the River

作　　者：武周虎[1] 李冬桂[1] 路成刚[1] 武桂芝[1] WU Zhouhu;LI Donggui;LU Chenggang;WU Guizhi(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2019年第6期23-28,共6页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379097;50979036)

摘　　要：以往的河流示踪试验,需要在排污口下游选定距离的断面上采集多点水样进行水质分析,也只能反映横向浓度分布特征,确定的横向扩散系数具有或然性,而且试验过程与计算工作量大。在宽阔河流顺直岸边稳定点源排放条件下,提出了排污混合区的示踪试验、无人机摄像快速观测及浓度图像筛选与坐标定位等方法步骤;基于排污混合区等浓度线所包围区域纵向最大长度Ls与横向最大宽度(或中心排放的最大半宽度)bs之间的关系式,采用理论等浓度线与高浓度等色度线的整体比较法,提出了快速确定横向扩散系数的近似估算法和精确估算法。该方法无须采样分析水质、观测排污量和实际浓度值,既省时省力,又方便快捷。In previous river tracer tests,multi-point water samples were collected for water quality analysis from the fixed distance crosssection at the downstream of sewage outfall,which could only reflect the characteristics of the transverse concentration distribution,and the obtained transverse diffusion coefficient was provided with probability.Meanwhile,the testing process and calculations brought heavy workload.Under the condition of stable point discharge source with straight bank of wide river,the method and procedure were established which included tracer test in the mixing zone of the sewage discharge,rapid observations with unmanned aerial vehicle cameras,and the following concentration image screening and the coordinate positioning.Based on the relational expression of the longitudinal maximum length Ls and the transverse maximum width(or the maximum half width of central discharge)bs in the area enclosed by the isoconcentration curve of the mixing zone of the sewage discharge,the holistic comparison method between the theoretical isoconcentration curve and the high-concentration isochromatic curve was adopted to put forward both the approximate and precise estimation methods for concluding the transverse diffusion coefficient quickly and reasonably.This method does not need to sample and analyze water quality,and to observe discharge amount and actual concentration.Therefore,the method is not only time-saving and labor-saving,but also convenient and fast.

关 键 词：顺直河流 排污混合区 等浓度线 无人机摄像 快速观测 横向扩散系数 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]