断奶体重对肥猪生长性能、屠宰均匀性和胴体质量的影响  

Effects of weaning weight on growth performance,slaughter uniformity and carcass quality of fatten pigs

作　　者：陆金生 陈爱华 LU Jinsheng;CHEN Aihua(Haian Secondary Professional School of Jiangsu Province,Haian,Jiangsu Province,226600,China;Jialun Foods Co.Ltd of Nantong,Haian,Jiangsu Province 226600,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省海安中等专业学校,江苏海安226600 [2]南通嘉纶食品有限公司,江苏海安226600

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第22期31-35,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：文章探讨了仔猪断奶体重的均匀性对阉割公母猪保育和育肥期生长性能、屠宰均匀性及胴体特性的影响。试验选择640头三元杂交猪,试验分为两个阶段:保育阶段(7.5~27.3 kg)和育肥阶段(27.3~130.5 kg),采用完全随机化试验设计,以仔猪断奶体重均匀性和性别为主要影响因素,采用2×2因素分组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复30头猪。在保育阶段,断奶体重均匀高的猪饲料效率较均匀性低的低(P <0.05)。阉割公猪较母猪显著提高了平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料效率(P <0.05)。在肥育阶段,断奶体重均匀性对生长性能无显著影响(P> 0.05),但阉割公猪较母猪有提高采食量和饲料效率的趋势(P=0.08)。阉割公猪较阉割母猪显著提高了后腿肌和肩肌的鲜重、未修剪和修剪体重(P <0.05)。结果表明,按照断奶仔猪体重的均匀性对其进行重新分组,对育肥猪生长性能和胴体质量无显著影响,阉割公猪和母猪的生长性能、背膘厚度相似。This study investigated the effects of weaning weight uniformity on growth performance,slaughter uniformity and carcass characteristics of castrated male and female pigs during nursing and fattening period.In this study,a total of 640 hybridization pigs were used,which were divided into two stages:nursing stage(7.5~27.3kg)and fattening stage(27.3-130.5kg).The design of the study was completely randomized,with weaning weight uniformity and gender of piglets as the main influencing factors,and 2×2 factors were used to experiment design.There were 4 groups with 4 replicates and 30 pigs per repeat.In the nursing stage,the feed efficiency of the pigs with high weaning weight uniformity was lower than that of the pigs with low weaning weight uniformity(P<0.05).Compared with castrated sows,castrated boars significantly increased the average daily feed intake,average daily weight gain and feed efficiency(P<0.05).In the fattening stage,weaning weight uniformity had no significant effect on growth performance(P>0.05),but castrated boars tended to increase feed intake and feed efficiency compared with sows(P=0.08).Compared with castrated sows,castrated boars significantly increased the fresh weight,untrimmed and trimmed weight of the hindquarters and shoulder muscles(P<0.05).The results showed that the weaning piglets were regrouped according to their weight uniformity,which had no significant effect on the growth performance and carcass quality of the fattening pigs,and the growth performance and backfat thickness of the castrated boars and sows were similar.

关 键 词：断奶体重 育肥猪 生长性能 均匀性 胴体特性 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]