甲酸和二甲酸钾对肉鸡生长、免疫和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of formic acid and potassium diformate on growth performance,immunity and intestinal health of broilers

作　　者：何博[1] 王勤[1] 郑淑容[1] HE Bo;WANG Qin;ZHENG Shurong(Dazhou Vocational And Technical College,Dazhou,Sichuan Province 635001,China)

机构地区：[1]达州职业技术学院

出　　处：《中国饲料》2019年第22期68-72,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：本试验研究了肉鸡饲料中添加甲酸和二甲酸钾对其生产性能、胴体性状、血清生化指标、肠道微生物含量、肠道组织学形态及免疫指标的影响。试验选择360只1日龄肉仔鸡,随机分为3组,每组各3个重复,每个重复40只鸡,试验共开展5周。对照组饲喂以玉米-豆粕-玉米蛋白粉为基础的日粮,甲酸组在基础日粮中添加0.5%甲酸,二甲酸钾组在基础日粮中添加0.5%二甲酸钾。结果表明,日粮添加甲酸和二甲酸钾均显著提高肉鸡体增、屠宰率(P<0.05),显著降低料重比(P<0.05)。在二甲酸钾组中,胸肌和腿肌的比例最高。甲酸组和二甲酸钾组回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果表明,在肉鸡饲料中添加甲酸或二甲酸钾对肉鸡生产性能、免疫指标和肠道健康均有显著影响,但对血清生化指标无显著影响。但二甲酸钾比甲酸更有效,因为少量的甲酸可以通过代谢和吸收到达小肠,而二甲酸钾可以使甲酸以一定比例完整地过胃进入小肠。此外,甲酸具有强烈的气味,对胃肠道有腐蚀性,限制了其实际应用。The effects of formic acid and potassium diformate in broiler feed on production performance,carcass characteristics,serum biochemical indexes,intestinal microbial content,intestinal histological morphology and immune indexes were studied.In this study,360 broilers at 1 day old were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 40 chickens in each repeat.The experiment was carried out for 5 weeks.The control group was fed a diet based on corn-soybean meal and corn gluten meal.The formic acid group was fed with 0.5%formic acid,and the potassium diformate group was fed with 0.5%potassium diformate.The results showed that dietary supplementation with formic acid and potassium diformate significantly increased the body growth and slaughter rate of broilers(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the feed weight ratio(P<0.05).In the potassium diformate group,the breast and leg muscles had the highest ratio.The height of ileus villi in formic acid group and potassium diformate group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The results showed that the addition of formic acid and potassium diformate in broilers’feed had significant effects on the production performance,immune indexes and intestinal health of broilers,but no significant effects on serum biochemical indexes.However,potassium diformate is more effective than formic acid because small amounts of formic acid can be metabolized and absorbed to the small intestine,while potassium diformate can carry the formic acid through the stomach and into the small intestine in a certain proportion.In addition,formic acid has a strong odor and a corrosive effect on the gastrointestinal tract,its practical application is limited.

关 键 词：甲酸 二甲酸钾 肉鸡 生长性能 免疫 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]