不同浓度营养液添加海藻肥对生菜产量及品质的影响  

Effect of Seaweed Extract Added into Different Concentrations of Nutrient Solution on the Yield and Quality of Hydroponic Lettuce

作　　者：何锐 魏晶晶 张轶婷[1] 宋世威[1] 苏蔚[1] 刘厚诚[1] HE Rui;WEI Jingjing;ZHANG Yiting;SONG Shiwei;SUWei;LIU Houcheng(College of Horticulture,South China Agriculture University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2019年第10期56-62,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701504);广州市科技计划项目(201704020058,201704020006)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同浓度营养液添加稀释1000倍海藻肥对生菜产量和品质的影响,以期为生菜的设施高效栽培提供参考。【方法】采用水培试验,设置4个营养液处理:1/2倍霍格兰营养液(CK)、1/2倍霍格兰营养液+1000倍海藻肥(T1)、3/8倍霍格兰营养液+1000倍海藻肥(T2)、1/4倍霍格兰营养液+1000倍海藻肥(T3)。【结果】相比于不添加海藻肥的1/2倍霍格兰营养液(CK),T1、T2处理在鲜质量上无显著差异,但显著增加干物质的积累和光合色素含量。在各浓度营养液添加海藻肥能提高生菜多酚、类黄酮和可溶性糖含量,降低硝酸盐含量,尤其是T2、T3处理对生菜的品质提升效果更佳。T2、T3处理可溶性糖含量较CK显著提高,分别提高40%和32.06%,硝酸盐含量则分别降低42.9%和42.59%,多酚含量分别增加65.99%和65.06%,DPPH自由基清除率分别提高72.49%和75.77%。与CK相比,3/8霍格兰营养液添加海藻肥能够保持生菜生长不受影响,干物质含量增加;而在1/4霍格兰营养液添加海藻肥,生菜鲜质量较CK降低22.34%。【结论】T2、T3处理对生菜产量和品质提升效果较好。综合考虑生物量与施用成本,T2处理为比较适合水培生菜的高效优质栽培。【Objective】1000 times diluent of seaweed extract(SWE)was added into different concentrations of Hoagland solutions to investigate the effects on the yield and quality of hydroponic lettuce and provide references for the highly effective cultivation of lettuce.【Methods】Water culture test was conducted and 4 treatments were designed:1/2 Hoagland solution(CK);1/2 Hoagland solution+SWE(T1);3/8 Hoagland solution+SWE(T2);1/4 Hoagland solution+SWE(T3).【Results】Compared with CK,T1 and T2 showed no significant difference in fresh weight,but significantly increased dry weight and photosynthetic pigment content.The polyphenol,flavonoids and soluble sugar content in lettuce increased while nitrate content decreased in 3 SWE treatments,especially T2 and T3 could better improve the quality of lettuce.Compared with CK,under T2 and T3,soluble sugar content significantly increased by 40% and 32.06%,respectively,while nitrate content decreased 42.9%and 42.59%,respectively,and the polyphenol content increased by 65.99% and 65.06%,while DPPH free radical scavenging rate increased by 72.49% and 75.77%,respectively.Compared with CK,the fresh weight of lettuce was not affected by adding seaweed fertilizer into 3/8 Hoagland nutrient solution,while the fresh weight of lettuce decreased 22.34% by adding seaweed fertilizer into 1/4 Hoagland nutrient solution.【Conclusion】T2 and T3 can better improve the yield and quality of lettuce.Taking full account of biomass and application costs,3/8 concentration of Hoagland solution with 1000 times diluent of seaweed extract(T2)might be optimal for the high-efficiency and high-quality cultivation of hydroponic lettuce.

关 键 词：生菜 海藻肥 营养液浓度 抗氧化能力 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：S141.3[农业科学—肥料学]